Important Cell Vocabulary It is the basic unit of all life that has small compartments that hold all of the biological equipment necessary to keep an organism alive and successful on Earth. a structure in a cell that performs a special function shape or form job or purpose – what it does!! Cell Organelle Structure Function

Column 2 – Answers to the ?’s What You Should Have in Your (Cornell) 2 Column Notes from – “Comparing a cell to a cookie factory” Column 1 – Questions How can a cell be compared to a cookie factory? What is the cell membrane? What is the function of the cell membrane? Column 2 – Answers to the ?’s They both have many parts that contribute to their processes. A thin layer made of lipids and proteins that separates the inside of the cell from its outside environment. It keeps the cytoplasm inside while letting waste out and nutrients in

Cornell Notes Continued… What is the nucleus? What is the function of the nucleus? What is DNA? What is the function of DNA? It is the control center of the cell that is covered with a membrane. It allows materials to pass in and out of its membrane. It is the hereditary material found in the nucleus that carries all of the information on how to make the cell’s proteins It acts like a recipe book for the cell

Cornell Notes Continued… What is a chromosome? What is the function of chromosomes? Thread-like structure found in the nuclei of both animal and plant cells. They are made of protein and one molecule of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). plays a vital role in genetic diversity.

Cornell Notes Continued… What is the nucleolus? What is the function of the nucleolus? It is a dark spot inside the nucleus. It acts as the storage area for materials that are used by other organelles.

Cornell Notes Continued… Rod-shaped organelles surrounded by 2 membranes. They produce much of the cells energy it needs to function Small fluid-filled sacs It stores water, food and waste A series of tunnels throughout the cytoplasm It transports proteins from one part of the cell to another What is the mitochondria? What is the function of the mitochondria? What are vacuoles? What is the function of the vacuole? What is the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)? What is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)?

Cornell Notes Continued… What are ribosomes? What is the function of ribosomes? What are golgi bodies? What are the functions of golgi bodies? Little round grains of protein all around the ER They make proteins and then release them into the ER, some are attached/some float around the cytoplasm The packaging and distribution part of the cell They receive proteins and other compounds in the ER and release materials to other parts of the cell and outside the cell

Cornell Notes Continued… What are lysosomes? What are the functions of lysosomes? They contain enzymes Pick up foreign invaders such as bacteria, food and old organelles and break them down into small pieces that can be reused.

Cornell Notes Continued… What is the cytoskeleton? What is the function of the cytoskeleton? What are chloroplasts? What is the function of chloroplast? It is a series of fibers made from proteins. It provides structure to the cell and gives it its shape. An organelle that contains a pigment called chlorophyll. They convert light energy into chemical energy in the form of molecules called photosynthesis.

Cornell Notes Continued… What is the function of the large, central vacuole in a plant? What is the cell wall? What is the function of the cell wall? When it is full it stores up cell sap to give plant cells their structure and rigidity. It is made up of a carbohydrate called cellulose. It provides structure and support that can withstand high internal pressure.

Cornell Notes Continued… It is the cell substance between the cell membrane and the nucleus, containing the cytosol, organelles, and various particles Contains all of the organelles and provides the space for cell functions to occur What is the cytoplasm? What is the function of the cytoplasm?

More Vocabulary to Know for the test… Multicellular organism Tissues Microscope Made up of many cells that are dependent on each other to perform essential functions as a group Groups of cells that share a common structure and function within an organism Device that made the discovery of cells possible