2. 5.2 Cells: a Look Inside

3. Why is a cell like a cookie factory?
A cookie factory has many parts that work together to make it function.
A cell also has many parts that work together.
Every cell part has a job or function.

4. Comparing cells to a factory
This chart shows how a cell is like a cookie factory

6. What is the cell membrane?
a thin layer that separates the inside of the cell from its outside environment.
keeps the cytoplasm inside
lets waste products out
lets nutrients in
is made out of lipids & proteins

7. What is the nucleus? most visible organelle
is covered with a membrane that allows materials to pass in and out
often called the “control center” of the cell because it contains DNA
The nucleolus acts as a
storage area for materials.

8. What are mitochondria? the “powerhouses” of cells
produce much of the energy a cell needs to function
rod shaped surrounded by
2 membranes
inner membrane has many folds
only work if it has oxygen
We breath air to get oxygen for our mitochondria

9. What is a vacuole? the storage area of the cell
A small, fluid-filled sac
Vacuoles store water, food, and waste.
Plant cells usually have one large vacuole to store water

10. What is endoplasmic reticulum (ER)?
a series of tunnels throughout the cytoplasm.
transport proteins from one part of the cell to another
Series of folded & connected tubes

11. What are Ribosomes? the protein factories of the cell.
When ribosomes make proteins, they release them into the ER
Some ribosomes float in the cytoplasm

12. What are Golgi bodies?
receive proteins and other compounds from the ER.
package these materials & distribute them to other parts of the cell
release materials outside the cell

13. What are Lysosomes? contain enzymes that can break things down
pick up bacteria, food, and old organelles and break them into small pieces that can be reused

14. What is cytoskeleton? a series of fibers made from proteins
provides structure to the cell and gives it its shape

16. How are plant cells different?
Plant cells have chloroplasts, but animal cells do not.
A chloroplast is an organelle that contains a green pigment called chlorophyll.
Photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplast

17. How are plant cells different?
Plant cells have a large central vacuole that stores cell sap.
Cell sap is mostly water
Cell sap gives cell structure

18. How are plant cells different?
Plant cells have a cell wall, but animal cells do not.
Made of cellulose
Cell walls provide structure and support for the plant.