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Presentation transcript:

Have a look at the following pictures...

NOUGHTS

CROSSES NOUGHTS

CROSSES BLANKERS

Now, consider the following...

Suddenly the world malorie blackman has created in Noughts & Crosses doesn’t seem so unrealistic...

Now Take a minute to picture Callum’s first day at school:

The slogan was shouted over and over again. “No blankers in our school The slogan was shouted over and over again... “No blankers in our school! no blankers in our school...” callum and three other noughts were surrounded by police officers... They tried to make their way up the steps to the school entrance. the crowd surged forward at that...suddenly a cry went up. “a blanker is hurt!” the news spread through the crowd like a virulent disease. “hooray!” spontaneous cheers filled the air. The police lines trying to hold the crowds back were knocked to the ground as the crowd rushed forward like air into a vacuum.

Now, let’s have a look at the following...

These are images from a school called ‘Little rock central high school’ in arkansas, usa. In 1954 the us supreme court ruled that public schools must become integrated. the students were initially prevented from entering the racially segregated school by the arkansas govenor, and then attended after the intervention of president eisenhower.

On the morning of September 23, 1957, the nine African-American high school students faced an angry mob of over 1,000 White Americans protesting integration in front of Central High School in little rock. As the students were escorted inside by the Little Rock police, violence escalated and they were removed from the school. The crisis at Little Rock's Central High School was the first fundamental test of the national resolve to enforce black civil rights in the face of massive resistance.

Have a look at the following videos: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_iH4Zx96xbY http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RGjNqrQBUno

What similarities can you see between earnest green’s experience of little rock and Callum’s experience attending the cross school for the first time? Malorie Blackman doesn’t explicitly state that she is referring to the incident at little rock. But she does create a scene that is modelled on this incident. What is it called when someone implicitly refers to something outside their text?

Allusion! Malorie blackman is alluding to the very well-known incident that happened at little rock in 1957. In your essay you should discuss the technique of allusion and link beyond the text by discussing the desegregation of schools in the american south and the little rock nine.