RPC HV-LV project Introduction RPC description Requirements I.N.F.N. Naples Alfonso Boiano1, Flavio Loddo2, Pierluigi Paolucci1, Antonio Ranieri2 1) I.N.F.N. of Naples, 2) I.N.F.N. of Bari Introduction RPC description Requirements SASY 2000 project Prototype tests Project description cables and connectors Cost estimation Schedule Conclusions Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples Introduction I I.N.F.N. Naples The RPC detectors will be equipped with a large part of the HV-LV system placed in a “not accessible area”. The HV “remote hardware” will be placed in the UXC zone, around the detector, and it will be accessible just in some dedicated period. The system will work in very hard conditions due to the high magnetic field and high radiation environment. 2/24/2019 Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples Introduction II I.N.F.N. Naples A common project (SASY 2000) for the HV-LV RPC systems for LHC is going on between the I.N.F.N. and the CAEN company. A first prototype has been delivered on June 2002 and is now under tests. A lot of different tests will be performed on the CMS HV-LV RPC system: Magnetic field test (CERN) Radiation test (Louvain la Neuve) High Stress test (Naples) Long term test (Naples/Bari) 2/24/2019 Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

RPC detector description I I.N.F.N. Naples Barrel Endcap It consists of a Barrel (5 wheels) and two Endcap plates 2/24/2019 Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

RPC detector description II Each wheel is divided in 12 sectors I.N.F.N. Naples Each wheel is divided in 12 sectors DT chamber RB4 RPC - 2 bi-gaps RPC - 2 bi-gaps DT chamber RPC - 2 bi-gaps RPC - 2 bi-gaps RB3 bigap RPC - 3 bi-gaps RB2 DT chamber bigap RPC - 2 bi-gaps bigap RPC - 2 bi-gaps RB1 DT chamber z y RPC - 2 bi-gaps z bigap bigap x 2/24/2019 Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples RPC schema I.N.F.N. Naples RB3/RB4 ALV1 DLV1 ALV2 DLV2 HV1 HV2 Bigap 4 RPC gaps 6 front-end boards 6 RPC gaps 18 front-end boards HV1 HV2 HV3 ALV1,ALV2,ALV3 DLV1,DLV2,DLV3 Bigap RB2 reference plane HV1 HV2 ALV1 DLV1 ALV2 DLV2 RB1/RB2in Bigap 4 RPC gaps 12 front-end boards 2/24/2019 Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples RPC HV - LV description I.N.F.N. Naples RB1/RB2in RPC chamber Front-End Bigap FEB FEB FEB FEB FEB Distrib. board Bigap FEB ALV1 DLV1 ALV2 DLV2 ALV Analog Voltage = 7V Working Cur. = 0.42 A DLV Digital Voltage = 7V Working Cur. = 0.9 A I2C input LV+I2C FEB out LV in Distributes analog and digital LV It supplies LV power to 3 FEB chains It supplies the I2C main line from LB and one backup line from DT. Total power/(ALV+DLV) ch.: 1.32 A * 7 V = 9.24 W Expected Power  120 W/sector  7.2 kW/Barrel 2/24/2019 Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples HV - LV numbers I.N.F.N. Naples The barrel system consists of: wheel 1 2 3 4 5 TOT chambers 156 780 gaps 408 2040 front-end 936 4680 Now we will describe the HV-LV project in order to quantify the number of channels we need. 2/24/2019 Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples HV – LV requirements I.N.F.N. Naples General: system working in high magnetic field; system working in an high radiation environment; distributed remote system; floating HV and LV channel (noise reduction). HV: 15 KV – 1 mA (resolution of 0.1 mA) LV: +7 V – 0.42 A (analog) and +7 V – 0.9 A (digital) 2/24/2019 Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples SASY2000 project for RPC I I.N.F.N. Naples The aim of the I.N.F.N. – CAEN project is to find a common solution for the RPC HV-LV systems of the LHC experiments. The SASY2000 project is based on the following ideas: Mainframe SY1527 (local system – control room); 48 Volts Power Source; Remote distribution system consisting of a custom 6U crate housing: 2 independent crate controller; 8 HV-LV boards each with 4 HV + 8 LV floating channels 2/24/2019 Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples SASY2000 project for RPC II I.N.F.N. Naples Control Room 1 1 Branch controller From 1 to 16 4 4 2/24/2019 Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

SASY2000 project for RPC III I.N.F.N. Naples Detector region Electronic house 4 8 … 16 HV #1 HV #2 Branch controller #1 Complex ch. 1 256 Remote boards LV #1 LV #4 Branch controller #2 HV #1023 HV #1024 Complex ch. 512 … 256 LV #2047 LV #2048 Branch controller #16 What do we need ?? 26 ch * 12 sect * 5 wheels = 1560 LV 17 ch * 12 sect * 5 wheels = 1020 HV One mainframe is enough for the barrel The remote board has 2 Complex ch. each equipped with: 2 HV ch and 4 LV ch. 2/24/2019 Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples RPC HV-LV prototype 0 I.N.F.N. Naples The HV-LV CAEN functional prototype consists of: 1 HV board, 3 LV board and 1 controller. The prototype has been split in three pieces, following a “logical separation” of the system, in order to study the functionality of every single piece and component. The final HV-LV board will have 2 complex channel each with 2 HV + 4 LV floating channels . It will be 6U high and 2 slots width. After the tests the factory will begin to design the final board integrating all these components in a single 6U – 2 slots boards. 2/24/2019 Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples Test to be performed I.N.F.N. Naples The following tests will be performed on both the prototypes and the final board: Magnetic field test up to 7 KGauss (at CERN); Radiation test up to 10 LHC eq-years (at Louvain La Neuve); Test on the RPC detector to study the noise condition (at the test station in Bari); High Stress Test to study the system under very hard conditions (in Napoli). 2/24/2019 Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples Magnetic field test I.N.F.N. Naples 2/24/2019 Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

Neutron radiation test I I.N.F.N. Naples The SASY2000 HV-LV prototype has been tested for the first time at the Louvain La Neuve radiation facility in May the 21th. The total neutron fluency requested was 2-3 • 1012 n/cm2 for 10 LHC years, corresponding to about 80 min with a beam at 1 mA. The people involved were: Boiano (NA), Loddo (BA), Paolucci (NA), Passuello (CAEN) and Ranieri (BA) SASY2000 2/24/2019 Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

Neutron radiation test II I.N.F.N. Naples The setup consisted of: CMS SASY2000 prototype placed at 110 cm from the beam; SY2527 mainframe placed 30 m far from the SASY2000; Laptop to monitor the system. The system worked well for 30 min. corresponding to about 8 • 1012 n/cm2. Then it lost the communication with the SASY2000 showing some problems on the HV channels. We took data for all the 80 min in order to analyze every single components after the test. 2/24/2019 Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

High Stress Test in Naples I.N.F.N. Naples The High Stress Test is based on a test station designed and built in Naples. The test station consists of a 2/24/2019 Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

High Stress Test in Naples I.N.F.N. Naples The High Stress Test is based on a large number of cycles of the following tests: Low current (1 mA) test at “working” voltage (10 KV); Medium range current scan (from 10 to 300 mA) at “working” voltage: High current (1 mA) test at “working” voltage (10 KV); Over-current and Trip test (I > 1 mA); Maximum voltage test (12 KV) at different absorbed currents; Discharge and short circuit test made with two pins at different distances; Imon, Vmon calibration test made with an independent volt-meter. Different HV resistors A PC running LabVIEW will be used to control the system and to analyze the data. Final HV-LV cable/connector will be used. 2/24/2019 Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

RPC HV-LV final prototype I.N.F.N. Naples The full set of tests of the prototype 0 will finish before the end of the 2002; If and only if the test results will be very encouraging, showing a very good performances of the HV-LV system the RPC collaboration will order a final prototype; It consists of a 6U – 2 slots board equipped with 4 HV and 8 LV floating channels. The final prototype will be produced in about 1 year and it will be tested following the same procedure. Only after this second step will be possible to start the final production consisting of about 260 remote boards and 2 SY1527 mainframes. 2/24/2019 Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

HV-LV architecture for a barrel sector I.N.F.N. Naples 26 LV channels 4 Remote Boards 17 HV channels RB4 4 LV 2 bi-gaps 2 bi-gaps 4 HV ch 1 RB 2 RB RB3 2 bi-gaps 2 bi-gaps 4 HV ch 4 LV 3 bi-gaps 6 LV ch 3 HV ch RB2 1 RB 1 RB 4 LV ch 2 bi-gaps 2 HV ch 4 LV ch 2 bi-gaps 2 HV ch RB1 1 RB 1 RB 4 LV ch 2 bi-gaps 2 HV ch 2 bigaps = 96 strips = 6 febs LVD channel HV channel LVA channel RB = remote board 26 ch * 12 sect * 5 wheels = 1560 LV 17 ch * 12 sect * 5 wheels = 1020 HV 4 remote boards * 12 sect * 5 wheels = 240 RB 2/24/2019 Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples HV – LV numbers I.N.F.N. Naples The barrel system consists of: wheel 1 2 3 4 5 TOT chambers 156 780 gaps 408 2040 hv ch. 204 1020 front-end 936 4680 lv ch. 312 1560 having been chosen: 2 gaps per HV channel and 6 FEBs per LV channel 2/24/2019 Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

Barrel cables routing LV HV 26 LV ch/cable + 17 HV ch/cable per sector I.N.F.N. Naples 26 LV ch/cable + 17 HV ch/cable per sector LV-HV 1 2 LV-HV LV-HV 3 4 LV-HV Sector -4 Sector -5 LV-HV Muon racks 2 RPC HV-LV crates Sector –6 LV HV 26 LV ch/cable 26 LV 17 HV LV-HV 5 6 LV-HV 7 8 Elect. house 17 HV 26 LV 17 HV ch/cable LV 48 remote boards/wheel  240 Remote Board 1 crates/rack  8 crates/wheel  40 crates 26 ch * 12 sect * 5 wheels = 1560 LV 17 ch * 12 sect * 5 wheels = 1020 HV HV

Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples HV cable I.N.F.N. Naples The HV cable has been chosen and approved Suitable to sustain up to 15 kV Cable characteristics: According CERN safety instruction IS 23 Single conductor- = 0.16 mm Conductor resistance @ 20°C = 147 /Km Core- = 3 mm Screen wire-=0.2 mm (for 10 conductors) Overall diameter = 8.4 mm (for 3 conductors) Price: 1.050 €/Km (for 10 Km and 3 conductors cable) 2/24/2019 Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples HV connectors I I.N.F.N. Naples The HV connector has been chosen and approved Possibility to stack it up Electrical characteristics: Operating voltage: 15 kV Testing conditions: 20 kV 2 high voltage pins to supply –12 kV 1 pin for signal return insulating material Polietilene HDPE (Eraclene Polimeri Europa (57%) Masterbatch (GPO1246 Viba) (43%) (Conforming to TIS Rules) Metal cover connected to external chamber aluminum frame ZAMA (UNI 3717 G-Zn A14 Cu1) 2/24/2019 Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples HV connectors II I.N.F.N. Naples By CPE (www.cpeitalia.com) Price: 3 CHF/contact/10.000 pieces Schedule: The connector has passed CERN tests for chemical analysis Made electrical test performance (before and after radiation exposure) We are waiting for the final quotation before final order 2/24/2019 Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples Cost estimation I.N.F.N. Naples The 2/24/2019 Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples Schedule I.N.F.N. Naples The 2/24/2019 Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples

Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples Summary I.N.F.N. Naples The SASY2000 project, developed by the CAEN-INFN for the LHC experiment will be intensively test in high magnetic field at CERN, high radiation flux at Louvain and for long term in Naples. The total number of HV ch. is: 1020 The total number of LV ch. is: 1560 The total number of HV-LV remote board is: 240 The HV-LV crate will be designed and built in Naples The prototype will be under test until Sept 2002 Magnetic Field test: MAY 2002 (results are under study) High Radiation test: MAY 2002 – JULY 2002 High Stress test: SEPT-OCT 2002 An alternative project for the LV system is under study. The HV-LV project will be discussed at INFN in Sept 2002. 2/24/2019 Pierluigi Paolucci - I.N.F.N. Naples