Bellwork: Monday Oct. 19, 2015 Plants (auto_________) can carry out _______________ & _________________ because they have chloroplasts &________________________. 2. Animals (________trophs) can only carry out _______________ because only have__________ trophs photosynthesis (cellular) respiration mitochondria hetero Cellular respiration mitochrondria 3. _____________is the pigment in the chloroplast of plants. 4. _____________ are the folds in the mitochondria that increase surface area. chlorophyll cristae

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_345nwbT9os

Chemical Energy and ATP Energy comes in many forms including light, heat, and electricity. Energy can be stored in chemical compounds, too.

Remember Cellular Respiration: 6O2 + C6H12O6 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy (36 ATP) The phosphates store the energy!

Adenine (it’s in your DNA!!!!) ribose (a 5-carbon sugar) ATP consists of: Adenine (it’s in your DNA!!!!) ribose (a 5-carbon sugar) 3 phosphate groups Adenine ATP is used by all types of cells as their basic energy source. Ribose 3 Phosphate groups

The energy is released by…... Breaking the bond!

Chemical Energy and ATP ATP to ADP ADP has two phosphate groups instead of three. A cell can store small amounts of energy by adding a phosphate group to ADP. Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) Adenosine Diphosphate (ADP) + Phosphate Fully charged battery Partially charged battery

The energy is released by ______________the bond!

Releasing Energy: Energy stored in ATP is released by breaking the chemical bond between the second and third phosphates. 2 Phosphate groups P ADP

Role of ATP in cellular activities is to store energy

Mitochondria site of Cellular Respiration !!!!! Mitochondria use oxygen and sugar to store energy in ATP - providing cell energy as each bonded phosphate is broken off

active transport across cell membranes protein synthesis NO you are not done yet… write this on the back too…. The energy from ATP is needed for many cellular activities active transport across cell membranes protein synthesis muscle contraction.

Page 250 use your book and today’s notes A calorie is a unit of HEAT!!! Look at the pictures and captions for answers too!

Using Biochemical Energy Most cells have only a small amount of ATP, because it is not a good way to store large amounts of energy. Cells can regenerate ATP from ADP as needed by using the energy in foods like glucose.

Compare the processes of photosynthesis and cellular respiration shown in the diagram below. How are these two processes related to each other? In your response include a discussion of energy flow, reactants, and products

Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 8-1 Organisms that make their own food are called autotrophs. heterotrophs. decomposers. consumers. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 8-1 Most autotrophs obtain their energy from chemicals in the environment. sunlight. carbon dioxide in the air. other producers. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 8-1 How is energy released from ATP? A phosphate is added. An adenine is added. A phosphate is removed. A ribose is removed. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 8-1 How is it possible for most cells to function with only a small amount of ATP? Cells do not require ATP for energy. ATP can be quickly regenerated from ADP and P. Cells use very small amounts of energy. ATP stores large amounts of energy. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 8-1 Compared to the energy stored in a molecule of glucose, ATP stores much more energy. much less energy. about the same amount of energy. more energy sometimes and less at others. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall