1. Bellwork: 11/20 Put your phone up  Week 11/19-11/21
How do we get energy?
How do plants get energy?
What cell organelle helps with photosynthesis?

2. Today:
Unit IV, pt I & II Notes

3. Materials
Unit Book

4. This Week:
Monday: Cell Energy Notes
Tuesday: Internet Safety

5. Homework
Have a good Thanksgiving 

6. Unit IV: Cell Energy

7. Part I: Cell Energy

8. List as many different forms of energy as you can

9. Can you think of any examples of energy being converted from one form to another

10. Energy in Living Systems

11. Energy Definition: ability to do work
Sources of energy for biological organisms
Food we eat  (chemical energy)
Energy from the sun (light energy)

12. Food Chain!

13. Organisms Need Energy to Live
Organisms get their energy in two different ways:
Autotrophs:
Organisms that make their own food (Ex. Plants)
Heterotrophs:
Organisms that get food from external environment (Ex. Humans)

14. Auto or Hetero?

15. In Ecosystems: Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration
Performed by autotrophs
Chemical Reaction: Light Energy + CO2 + H20 C6H12O6 + O2
Cellular Respiration
Performed by almost all organisms
Chemical Reaction: C6H12O6 + O2  CO2 + H20 + Energy

16. Compare the chemical reactions for photosynthesis & CR
Compare the chemical reactions for photosynthesis & CR. What do you notice about the 2 reactions?

17. Cell Energy
All living organisms must be able to produce energy from the environment
Which of the cell processes, that we have talked about, uses energy? (hint, hint diffusion)

18. Cell Energy Active Transport!! Other examples:
Uses energy to transport molecules across the membrane!
Other examples:
Muscles contracting during exercise, heart pumping, brain controlling your entire body, cells making new molecules (new organelles & enzymes), maintaining homeostasis!

19. Adenosine Triphosphate Adenosine Diphosphate
ATP
Adenosine Triphosphate
ADP
Adenosine Diphosphate

20. Chemical Energy in Cells
ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate)
Most important biological molecule that provides chemical energy to the cell

21. Structure of ATP
Made of:
Adenine base
Ribose sugar
3 phosphate groups

22. Function of ATP
Releases energy when the bond between the 2nd & 3rd phosphate is broken
(ATP->ADP)

23. ATP
ENERGY
ADP

25. Part II: Photosynthesis

26. What cells use photosynthesis?

27. Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis: process plants use to trap the sun’s energy & build carbohydrates (glucose) that store energy in the form of ATP
2 different phases: light-dependent reactions & light-independent reactions

28. Photosynthesis Chemical Reaction: CO2 + H20 + light C6H12O6 + O2
Reactants
Products

29. Chemical Reaction 6CO2 + 6H2O ➜ C6H12O6 + 6O2 Glucose Carbon Dioxide
Water
Oxygen

30. Where Does Photosynthesis Occur?

31. Photosynthesis Photosynthesis occurs in the CHLOROPLASTS!!!
CHLOROPHYLL traps the light energy from the sun

32. Light-Dependent
Light-Dependent Reactions: convert light energy into chemical energy
Produces ATP 
REQUIRES LIGHT

33. Light-Independent
Light-Independent Reactions: uses ATP to convert CO2 to glucose
Produces sugar (glucose)
This is called the Calvin Cycle
DOES NOT REQUIRE LIGHT…Dark Reaction

34. Calvin Cycle Takes 6 rounds of the Calvin Cycle to form one sugar!
/watch?v=uixA8ZXx0KU

35. Answer ?s in Note Guide