1. Standard 4- Metabolism (ATP Molecule)

2. You will be able to:
Identify the products and reactants in photosynthesis and cellular respiration.
Illustrate how photosynthesis and cellular respiration form a cycle (one process uses the products of the other)
Differentiate between aerobic and anaerobic respiration

3. This standard is all about ENERGY!
What is cellular respiration?
The process of breaking down sugar to provide energy for cellular processes.
What is photosynthesis?
The process of creating sugar from energy from the sun.

4. Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration as a Cycle

5. Types of organisms and how they get their energy:
Heterotrophs
Heterotrophs are organisms that can NOT make their own food
Heterotrophs can NOT directly use the sun’s energy- they have to eat in order to get energy
Autotrophs
Plants contain chloroplasts and are able to use light energy from the sun
Autotrophs use the sun’s energy to make their own food

6. Autotrophs carry out photosynthesis and cellular respiration.
Heterotrophs carry out cellular respiration.

7. Flow of Energy
Energy Takes Many Forms such as light, heat, electrical, chemical, mechanical
Energy can be changed from one form to another
Energy can be stored in chemical bonds & then released later

8. 1st let’s understand the molecule: ATP ATP= Adenosine Triphosphate
ATP is how cells quickly store and use energy
(energy money for the cell of an organism)
The energy is stored in the phosphate bonds
ATP is a nucleic acid, it contains 3 phosphate groups, adenine (a nitrogen base) & a ribose (sugar)

9. ATP into ADP (to release energy)
ATP releases energy when one phosphate bond has been removed
ATP releases energy, a phosphate, & becomes ADP when cells take energy from ATP
ADP=Adenosine Diphosphate

10. Releasing Energy From ATP
Adding a phosphate group to ADP stores energy in ATP
Removing a phosphate group from ATP releases energy & forms ADP

11. What is ATP used for? Cells Use ATP For: Active transport
Movement within a cell
Photosynthesis
Protein Synthesis (makes proteins)
Cellular respiration
All other cellular reactions

12. Problem: cells only have enough ATP to last for a few seconds, so ATP must be continually made
ATP TRANSFERS energy very well, but it isn’t very good Energy Storage (for long term)
So…

13. Glucose …our bodies and cells need Glucose.
Glucose is a Carbohydrate, or a sugar.
C6H12O6
This means it has 6 carbons, 12 hydrogens and 6 oxygen atoms
Where do ANIMALS get glucose?
Where do PLANTS get glucose?
One molecule of glucose stores 90 Times more chemical energy than one molecule of ATP- WOW!