The Chemistry of Living Things

Matter is anything that has ____ and takes up _______. Matter is composed of very small particles called _____. In nature, there are ___ different forms of matter that we call _______. Atoms by Brainpop

The most abundant element in the human body is _______. There are 11 elements of which most living things are composed. The most abundant element in the human body is _______. The second most abundant element in the human body is ______, and in third place is _______. Together, these three elements make up ____% of a human being.

You are expected to recognize the symbols for the 11 elements that make up most living things: Oxygen O Carbon C Hydrogen H

You are expected to recognize the symbols for the 11 elements that make up most living things: Nitrogen N Calcium Ca Phosphorus P

You are expected to memorize the symbols for the 11 elements that make up most living things: Potassium K Sulfur S Sodium Na

You are expected to recognize the symbols for the 11 elements that make up most living things: Chlorine Cl Magnesium Mg Intro to Elements Clip

Atoms combine together to form most of the substances we observe in the world around us. ____________ are formed when the atoms of two or more elements chemically joined together to form a new substance with very different __________ than the elements of which it is formed.

Compounds, continued… Salt is an example of a compound. It is composed of an atom of sodium chemically “glued” to an atom of chlorine.

Compounds & Mixtures Clip __________ are formed when two or more substances are mixed together but not chemically combined. Each substance retains its own characteristics, and can be separated from each other by simple physical means. The air in this room is a mixture of ________, ______ and small amounts of other gases. Compounds & Mixtures Clip

_______ and _______ compounds There are two types of compounds that are important to living things: _______ and _______ compounds Organic compounds contain the element _______. There are 4 types of organic compounds that are important to living things: (FILL IN YOUR CHARTS)

Releases ______ for cells Organic Compound Composed of: Examples Function Carbohydrate C, H, O Sugar Starch cellulose Releases ______ for cells

_____ and releases MORE energy for cells Organic Compound Composed of: Examples Function Lipid C, H, O Fats Oils Waxes _____ and releases MORE energy for cells Cell membranes are made of lipids

Used to build cell parts; Organic Compound Composed of: Examples Function Protein C, H, O, N enzymes Used to build cell parts; Made of smaller parts called amino acids Where are proteins made in the cell…?

Stores ________ information Organic Compound Composed of: Examples Function Nucleic Acid C, H, O, N, P DNA RNA Stores ________ information

Some examples include: water (formula: H2O) salt (formula: NaCl) Inorganic compounds are also important to living things. They DO NOT contain carbon. Some examples include: water (formula: H2O) salt (formula: NaCl) Simple Chemistry Clip

Let’s Talk about one organic compound that is very important to living things… Glucose Glucose is one of the most important molecules in biology. Here are some things you need to know about it: The chemical formula for glucose is: C6H12O6 Glucose is manufactured in PLANTS in the process of ___________ All cells (plants and animals) use glucose for the purpose of __________

Glucose All energy in a glucose molecule is located in _________. Let’s Talk about one organic compound that is very important to living things… Glucose All energy in a glucose molecule is located in _________. When the bonds of this molecule are broken, energy is released. This happens in the _______ of the cell (the powerhouse organelle).