America’s New National Identity Chapter 8 (1812- 1830)

Foreign Policy In a short quick write, answer the following questions: What does the term “foreign policy” mean for a nation? Why would it be different for a new nation vs. a well- established nation? What specific issues did the United States face after the War of 1812? Issues with Great Britain: Control of the Great Lakes Boundary between the United States and Canada The Oregon Territory (the Pacific Northwest)

Solutions Agreements & Treaties The Great Lakes Both the U.S. and Great Britain wanted to keep their navies on the Great Lakes. They both wanted fishing rights to the lakes as well. Solution – The Rush- Bagot Agreement This agreement let both countries stay on the lakes but limited their naval power.

Solutions Agreements & Treaties The United States – Canadian Border: Treaty known as The Convention of 1818: Set the border at 49°N latitude but only as far west as the Rocky Mountains

Solutions Agreements & Treaties Florida: Dispute over the border between the U.S. and Spanish Florida President Monroe sends General Andrew Jackson and troops to secure the border. Jackson came into conflict with the Seminole Indians of Florida. Jackson invades Florida to capture Seminole leaders. He also takes over most of Spain’s important military posts. He then overthrows the Spanish governor of Florida Spain decides it’s time to negotiate with the U.S.

Solutions Agreements & Treaties The Adams – Onis Treaty – settled the border dispute in Florida Spain gave up east Florida The US gave up claims to what is now Texas US agreed to pay up to $5 million of U.S. citizens claims against Spain

Solutions The Monroe Doctrine Countries in Latin America were breaking away from Spain and becoming independent nations America was worried that European nations would try to take over the new nations The Doctrine was an exclusive statement of American policy warning European powers not to interfere with the Americas.

The Monroe Doctrine The Monroe Doctrine Analysis: Using the handout from pages 262-263 of your textbook, mark the text – including a summary Any portion not completed in class is homework.

The Monroe Doctrine Political Cartoon: You will be creating a political cartoon for the Monroe Doctrine

Nationalism and Sectionalism Using your textbook, read pages 264 – 266 (up to the Missouri Compromise) and take Cornell notes. After completing your notes, pair-share them with your neighbor and fill in any missing information you gather from your partner. Once you have completed the work with your partner, answer the following questions in your notes: What is Nationalism? What are some examples from this time period? What was the American System? – Why was it important?

Effects of Nationalism The Cumberland Road The first road built by the federal government The National Road or Cumberland Road was the first major improved highway in the United States to be built by the federal government. Construction began heading west in 1811 at Cumberland, Maryland, on the Potomac River. It crossed the Allegheny Mountains and southwestern Pennsylvania, reaching Wheeling, Virginia (now West Virginia), on the Ohio River in 1818. Plans were made to continue through St. Louis, at confluence of the Mississippi and Missouri Rivers, and to Jefferson City upstream on the Missouri. Following the panic of 1837 however, funding ran dry and construction was stopped at Vandalia, Illinois, after crossing the states of Ohio and Indiana.

Effects of Nationalism The Erie Canal Short Video – take notes!

The Erie Canal Writing - Review pages 268 – 269 in your textbook about the Erie Canal Using the information from your textbook and today’s video, write a paragraph answering the following question: Why was the Erie Canal so important to the United States as a young nation?

Sectionalism Sectionalism is disagreements between different regions of the country. A big disagreement – In 1819, Congress was considering Missouri’s request to enter the union as a slave state. This would tip the balance – at the time there were 11 free states and 11 slave states. Enter Henry Clay – A senator from Kentucky who was committed to preserving the union. He proposed the Missouri Compromise!!

Sectionalism The Missouri Compromise had three main conditions: Missouri would enter the union as a slave state. Maine would join the union as a free state, keeping the number of slave and free states equal. Slavery would be prohibited in any new territories or states formed north of 36°30’ latitude – Missouri’s southern border.

The Missouri Compromise

Missouri Compromise Map You will be completing a map in order to better understand the Missouri Compromise.

The Election of 1824 Controversy!!! Andrew Jackson wins the popular vote but not enough Electoral College votes to win the Presidency. The House of Representatives again has to decide who is to be president. The House chooses John Quincy Adams instead of Jackson. Jackson claims that Adams made a “corrupt bargain” with Speaker of the House Henry Clay in order to become president. Evidence – Adams appoints Clay as his Secretary of State

The Election of 1824

The Election of 1824