Aim: How did nationalism affect Latin America? Thursday – October 18, 2012 Mr. Lombardi Aim: How did nationalism affect Latin America? 1800 Do Now: Using the map, answer the following questions in your notebook: 1. What geographic location is shown in this map? 2. Who controlled this area in 1800? 3. What inferences can we make about the non-European inhabitants of this region prior to 1800?

The Congress of Vienna

Vocabulary Definition Facts Peninsulares A European (white) person born in Spain or Portugal Believed that they were superior to any other Spaniards because they were born in Spain. Creoles A white Spaniard born in the colony Creoles fought to be viewed as equals by the Peninsulares. Mulattoes A person of African and European ancestry The Mulatto population grew when slavery increased in Latin America. Mestizos A person of Indian (Native American) and European ancestry Mestizos in Latin America were often exploited by the Spanish. Colony a group of people living in a new territory but retaining ties with the mother country Many Western nations are former European colonies.

Native Americans & Africans SOCIAL HIERARCHY Peninsulares Creoles Mulattoes & Mestizos Native Americans & Africans

Declaration of Independence *** Latin American Revolutions Influenced by American & French Revolutions *** Enlightenment American Revolution French Revolution Latin American Revolutions Ideas of: Reason Liberty Equality Freedom Natural Rights Ideas of John Locke Declaration of Independence Idea of Nationalism Toussaint L’Oventure, Simon Bolivar, Jose San Martin

What is the message of this cartoon?

Summary How did nationalism affect Latin America? What were the causes and effects of the Latin American independence movements? In what ways were the American, French, and Latin American Revolutions similar?  In what ways were they different?

Toussaint L’Ouverture Leader in the Haitian revolution. Born a slave; became commander of the revolutionary army. In 1800, he created Haiti's first democratic constitution. Arrested by Napoleon's troops & sent to Paris, where he was imprisoned.

Simon Bolivar “Liberator” of South America. Tried to create a “Gran Columbia”. 1830 - freed Columbia, Ecuador, Venezuela

Jose de San Martin Led Chile, Peru, and Argentina to independence.

Miguel Hidalgo Creole priest Led a rag-tag army toward Mexico City, unleashing mass slaughter of peninsulares in his path. Never made it to the capital -- Captured and shot in 1811.

Critical Thinking Questions: In what ways did Napoleon’s strategy of instilling nationalism in his people backfire on him? How would you portray the Spanish inhabitants of Latin America? Should Miguel Hidalgo be considered a hero in Mexico? Explain.

Regents Prep – Latin American Revolutions