Aim: Describe the Allied Strategy in Europe

The Tide on Two Fronts Dec 22, 1941: Churchill and FDR met at the White House to develop a joint war policy Stalin wanted them to open a second front against Germany in the west Strategy would split the Germans’ strength by forcing them to fight major battles in 2 regions Churchill wanted Britain and the United States to strike first at North Africa & Southern Europe Late 1942: Allies began to turn the tide of war both in the Mediterranean and on the Eastern Front Nov 8: Allied force of 100,000 landed in Morocco & Algeria General Eisenhower led this force 2

Battle for Stalingrad & Invasion of Italy German armies met their match in the Soviet Union Summer 1942: Hitler sent his Sixth Army to seize the oil fields in the Caucasus Mountains & capture Stalingrad Aug 23: Battle of Stalingrad began Luftwaffe went on night bombing raids Nov 19: Soviet troops outside the city launched counterattack & trapped the Germans Feb 2, 1943: German troops surrendered to the Soviets Invasion of Italy Roosevelt & Churchill decided to attack Italy July 10, 1043: Allied forces landed on Sicily Conquest of Italy toppled Mussolini Sept 3: Italy Surrendered Fighting continued in Italy with the Germans 3

The Allied Home Fronts In war-torn countries like the Soviet Union & Britain, civilians endured hardships Americans produced weapons & equipment to help win the war Factories converted peacetime operations to wartime production of machine guns and boots American government rationed scarce items (meat & sugar) Rationing more drastic in European countries Allied governments conducted highly effective propaganda campaigns to inspire Feb 1942: Japanese Americans into internment camps & considered threat 4