Bell Work Activating Prior Knowledge
Unpack LT’s Learning Target 1 Learning Target 2 I can analyze primary source photographs in order to gain understanding of societal problems during the 1900’s Learning Target 2 I can Identify an existing problem in Rochester NY and create a short term and long term goal to help fix the current problem Language Target: I can use descriptive language to adequately describe urban living and working conditions during the early 1900s.
Negative Impacts of the rise of Big Business The rich business owners continued to get rich Monopolies Workers were exploited- Immigrants, women, African Americans, children Eliminated all competition No government regulation of big business
Societal problem-Tenement living Poorly built, overcrowded apartment buildings. Jacob Riis was the first photographer to expose the horrible conditions in tenements They were prone to disease, fire, crime, and had high child mortality rates. Tenement life in New York City in the 1900s. Photograph by Jacob Riis.
Tenement Living
Societal Problem- Sweatshops Sweatshops-Workplaces with long hours and unhealthy working conditions Immigrants, women and children mainly worked in sweatshops
Societal Problem-Child Labor Textile Mills Many of the children would not have shoes to wear and got cuts and splinters in their feet. The managers walked around with knives to cut the splinters out of the children's feet. Another hazard was that children would stand on the machines to switch empty bobbins of cotton fiber and fix broken machinery, which could result in losing a limb or becoming crippled for life. Seafood Workers-Shrimp pickers, including little 8-year-old Max on the right. Biloxi, Mississippi
Societal Problem- Child Labor The Mill: The overseer said apologetically, "She just happened in." She was working steadily. The mills seem full of youngsters who "just happened in" or "are helping sister." Newberry, South Carolina. Newsies: Michael McNelis, age 8, a newsboy [seen with photographer Hine]. This boy has just recovered from his second attack of pneumonia. Was found selling papers in a big rain storm. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. African American boy selling The Washington Daily News - sign on his hat reads, "Have you read The News? One cent" - headline reads "Millionaire tax rends G.O.P.", 1921 http://www.historyplace.com/unitedstates/childlabor/
Societal Problem- Child Labor Glass Industry Children worked near the furnace, which reached temperatures of 2,500 degrees Fahrenheit. The children who worked in the glass industry would suffer cuts on their feet from broken glass. They would get stiff necks, pneumonia, eye trouble caused by furnace glare, burns by tools, tracheal damages caused by fumes and dust, and skin irritations. Coal Mines The children who worked in the mines were boys, and they only received 50-60 cents a day. Many accidents occurred in the mines, such as cave-ins, hand accidents would cause crushed or broken fingers. Miners would inhale dust and that led to lung diseases
Societal Problem- Lack of Safety Laws Lunch atop a Skyscraper (New York Construction Workers Lunching on a Crossbeam) is a famous photograph taken in 1932 by Charles C. Ebbets during construction of the RCA Building at Rockefeller Center.
Societal Problem- Lack of Safety Laws Triangle Shirtwaist Factory- March 25, 1911 Fire broke out on the 8th floor and the doors had been chained and locked to keep the workers inside. Most workers were young immigrant women. 146 workers died who either burned alive or jumped to their deaths. Deadliest industrial fire
Triangle Factory Fire, NY Societal Problem- Lack of Safety Laws Triangle Factory Fire, NY The Morgue: Families trying to identify bodies After the Triangle Fire disaster, the state of New York created a Factory Investigating Commission to study safety, sanitation, wages, hours and child labor in places like sweatshops, canneries, and bakeries
Speed Dating protocol to share closure : What forms of mass culture were available in urban areas? Speed Dating protocol to share closure