Cell organelles Be able to identify and explain the function of all cell organelles. Be able to identify which organelles are common to only plant cells, only animal cells or both plant and animal cells.

Organelles are “little organs” of the cell.

ORGANELLES An organelle is a cell component that performs specific functions for the cell.

All cells are surrounded by a cell membrane The cell membrane is a thin bi-lipid layer Its job is to controls what enters and leaves the cell. It SELECTS what it is PERMEABLE to. It is SELECTIVELY PERMEABLE. Based on size

Cell Membrane Small molecules can pass through the cell membrane. Large molecules can not.

The Lipid Bilayer

CELL RECEPTORS Located in the cell membrane. Allow communication between cells. (Not an organelle, but important cell part.)

2. Cytoplasm = liquid inside

Cytoplasm Chemical reactions take place here. Cyclosis: streaming (movement ) of cytoplasm

3. The Nucleus Controls the activities of the cell. Darkest, most visible organelle. Contains the cell’s genetic information (DNA).

PROKARYOTE EUKARYOTE

The Nucleus Surrounded by a nuclear membrane The Nuclear Membrane has pores.

4. Chromosomes (DNA) “Colored bodies” Pieces of DNA

Most Nuclei contain at least one Nucleolus. 5. The Nucleolus is inside the nucleus and makes ribosomes, which build proteins.

6. MITOCHONDRIA Releases energy (ATP) from food. Site of cell respiration. The energy will be used for life activities. “Powerhouse”of the cell Mitochondria have their own DNA!! and new mitochondria arise only when existing ones grow and divide!

7. RIBOSOMES The most numerous organelles. Site of protein synthesis Some are free in the cytoplasm; some are on the ER. (Proteins perform all cell functions!)

8. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Helps to transport materials Rough ER is studded with ribosomes. Smooth ER is not covered with ribosomes.

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Transports materials. Network of membranes. Like a highway.

Endoplasmic Retictulum Performs TRANSPORT

9. Golgi Body Flattened sacs. It modifies and packages proteins for export by the cell.

Golgi Body Packaging and processing

10. Lysosomes Digests food and old cell parts. They contain enzymes. Are rare in plant cells.

11. Centrioles Found only in animal cells. 2 are found together near the nucleus. Help with cell division (REPRODUCTION).

Practice Identify the organelle being shown.

Can you name the organelle?

Can you name the organelle?

Who am I?

PLANT CELLS

12. CELL WALL It is rigid. Located outside the cell membrane. A cell wall is in addition to the cell membrane.

CELL WALL Supports and protects the plant. Made of CELLULOSE, which is indigestible to humans.

13. Large water vacuole Stores water, waste, or other cell products.

VACUOLES Vacuoles of some plants contain poison that discourages animals from eating the plant's leaves. Animal cells also have vacuoles, but they are much smaller and are usually involved in food and waste storage.

14. Chloroplasts converts sunlight and carbon dioxide into sugar. This process is called photosynthesis.

Chlorophyll is a green pigment in the chloroplast that absorbs energy from sunlight. 

Chloroplasts Chloroplasts also have their own DNA, which means they were once independent organisms that were ingested by cells and became inseparable friends!

More Practice: Who am I?

Chloroplast, Cell Wall, Large Water Vacuole

Can you name the organelle? Dots on the ER

Can you name the organelle?

Can you name the organelle?

Can you name the organelle?

Can you name the organelle?

Can you name the organelle?

Can you name the organelle?

Can you name the organelle?

Can you name the organelle?

Which organelle is like our organ? LYSOZOME NUCLEUS Endoplasmic Reticulum

Can you figure out which organelle is similar in function to each picture? powerplant

Water vacuole Cell Membrane Nucleus ER

Cell membrane ER Golgi Body Mitochondria powerplant

Nucleus Mitochondria Lysosome ER Chloroplast

The Cell’s Goal: To Make PROTEINS Instructions are located in the nucleus. Ribosomes follow those instructions to make the PROTEINS. ER transports the PROTEINS to the Golgi Bodies where they are packaged for export. Energy for all of this is supplied by the Mitochondria.

Can you name the organelle?

Can you name this organelle?

Review

Can you name these organelles? 1 2

Can you name these organelles? 1 2

https://www. youtube. com/watch https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_detailpage&v=2KQbVr9kFO0 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2KQbVr9kFO0