Stille English I1 English I – Literature Index 1.Irony 2.Narrative essay 3.Symbolism 4.Figurative Language 5.Simile 6.Metaphor 7.Personification 8.Hyperbole 9.Imagery 10.Characterization 11.Foreshadowing 12.First-person narration

Stille English I2 Irony Definition – when something turns out to be different from what is expected or appropriate Example – A police officers child gets arrested for breaking the law. We expect that a police officers family would follow the law and stay out of trouble!

Stille English I3 Narrative Essay Narrate – to tell a story + Narrator – person who tells a story = Narration – the story itself Narrative Essay = a short piece of literature that tells the story of a real person or even using significant details –Ex: The Washwoman by Isaac Bashevis Singer –What significant details does Singer use?

Stille English I4 Literature - Symbolism Symbol –a person, place, thing, or event that represents itself and a larger idea or feeling American flag –freedom, democracy Dove –peace Symbolism –the use of symbols in literature

Stille English I5 Literature - Symbolism How about the four seasons? –Spring Birth, new life, hope, promise –Summer Childhood, youth, freedom, happiness –Autumn Aging, slowing down, responsibility –Winter Death, pain, loss

Stille English I6 Literature – Figurative Language Figurative Language –Language that is imaginative not real Simile Metaphor Personification Hyperbole Imagery

Stille English I7 Literature – Figurative Language Simile A comparison made between two unlike things using like or as –Mr. Stille was as dumb as a rock. –James slept like a hibernating bear

Stille English I8 Literature – Figurative Language Metaphor A comparison made between two unlike things in which one thing becomes the other Does not use like or as –Mr. Stille was a rock; he could not even tie his shoes. –James was a bear in winter; he could sleep through anything.

Stille English I9 Literature – Figurative Language Personification Giving human like characteristics to a non- human thing –The sunlight danced on the water. –Winter kicked us in the teeth starting in December.

Stille English I10 Literature – Figurative Language Hyperbole Obvious exaggeration for effect –The student raised his hand million times. –Im so hungry, I could eat a horse.

Stille English I11 Literature – Figurative Language Imagery Language that appeals to the senses Helps us appreciate the scene Sight, Smell, Hearing, Touch, Taste –The rotten fruit filled my nose with a wicked stench. –I shivered uncontrollably as the icy wind cut through my jacket.

Stille English I12 Characterization The act of creating and developing a character Helps the reader to know the character Two types of characterization –Direct –Indirect

Stille English I13 Characterization Direct Characterization – author directly states a characters traits –Ex: Tynesia was friendly. Indirect Characterization – author gives clues and the reader draws conclusions –Clues include: A characters actions What a character says How a character looks How other characters react to her/him –Ex: Tynesia always smiled and said hello to everybody.

Stille English I14 Foreshadowing Clues that hint at events that are still to come in the story Creates suspense and keeps the character wondering Look for foreshadowing in the exposition and rising action

Stille English I15 First-Person Narration Narrator = story teller A style of telling a story where the narrator is a part of the story Look for first-person pronouns –I, me, my, we, our Dont forget that the narrator is a character in the story too!