Football

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History 1892 the first professional football team assembled 1920 American Football Association formed 1922 National Football League (NFL) Currently 32 NFL Teams 16 in AFC and 16 in NFC

How the start of play occurs Traditionally a referee will flip a coin to give each team an equal opportunity to decide which team gets to make the first decision. The flip occurs between team captains. Once a team wins the coin toss they will decide to accept possession or defer the ball until that start of the second half. If they are to receive possession first the opposing team will kick the ball off from at tee at the 35 yard line. If they choose to defer the ball, then they kick it off to the opposing team until the third quarter. At the start of the third quarter the opposing team will kick off to them allowing them to have possession first in the second half.

How game is played Football is a contact sport. The team is broken into two main categories offense and defense. The offense is the side that has possession of the ball. The defensive side is the side that is trying to stop the offensive side from scoring. Both sides are made up of 11 players. Each player has a different position. The offensive team is trying to get the ball to pass the goal line of the opposing team by throwing/catching, running, or in certain situations kicking.

How game is played continued…. The offensive team earns up to 4 downs every ten yards. The downs are 4 attempts at moving the ball in hopes of scoring or earning a 1st down. For example: the first play on the offensive side of the ball is 1st and 10 . This represents the 1st down of 4 possible and 10 yards to go before earning a new set of 4 downs.

Offensive positions Quarterback Wide Receiver Running Back Tight End Guard Tackle Center

Defensive positions Tackle Guard Defensive End Linebacker Safety Cornerback

scoring Touchdown- occurs after the ball crosses the goal line into the endzone. This occurs by a passing play or running play. A touchdown is 6 points. Point After Attempt- occurs after a touchdown where the ball is kicked through the uprights for 1 point Two Point Conversion- occurs after a touchdown where the ball is either throw Field Goal- occurs when the kicker kicks the ball through the uprights in place of a touchdown. A field goal is 3 points. Safety- occurs when an offensive is sacked/tackled in his own endzone. A safety is worth 2 points.

Boundary terms and specifications Professional (NFL) Football Field Overall Dimensions All football fields share the same overall outside dimensions. The outside measurements below include the End Zone. High School, College and the NFL all have overall outside dimensions of: Length: 360 feet or 120 yards Width: 160 feet or 53 1/3 yards

Boundaries End Zone: NFL endzones are10 yard deep. This measurement is shared by all levels of american play. End Line: A six foot end line border marks the back of the end zone. Team Benches: Team benches are placed along the Restraining Line between the 30 yard markers

Football Terms and boundaries Field Numbers: NFL field numbers are 6 feet high and 4 feet wide. Restraining Line: NFL fields have a 6’ line along the side lines that designate the closest non-players can be to the field. Hash Marks: NFL Hash marks are the narrowest of all the levels of football play. They measure 70 feet, 9 inches from the sidelines and are 18 feet, 6 inches wide. (same as the width of the goal posts) High School: the width of the hashmarks are 53 feet, 4 inches College: hashmarks are 40 feet wide Goal Posts: As mentioned before, NFL goal posts are 10 feet high and 18 feet, 6 inches wide

Football Field Diagram