CHAPTER 1 DRIVING AND MOBILITY

CLASSIFICATION OF ROADWAYS 1. INTERSTATE FREEWAYS - A. FREE B. TOLL 2. MAJOR DIVIDED HIGHWAYS 3. SECONDARY HIGHWAYS 4. LOCAL ROADS A. COUNTY ROADS B. MUNICIPAL STREETS AND ROADS

CLASSIFICATION OF ROADWAYS County road Interstate highway

CLASSIFICATION OF ROADWAYS Major divided highway Dirt road

THE HIGHWAY TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM (HTS) THE MAIN GOAL OF THE HIGHWAY TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM IS TO MOVE PEOPLE AND GOODS FROM ONE PLACE TO ANOTHER AS SAFELY AS POSSIBLE. TO UNIFY THE TRAFFIC LAWS FROM STATE TO STATE.

THE COMPONENT PART OF THE HIGHWAY TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM THERE ARE 3 PARTS OF THE HIGHWAY TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM: 1. VEHICLES- TO ENSURE THE SAFETY OF ALL VEHICLES 2. PEOPLE – THE LICENSING OF ALL PEOPLE WHO ARE ELIGIBLE TO OBTAIN A DRIVING LICENSE. 3. ROADWAYS- TO ENSURE SAFE HIGHWAY DESIGNS

TYPE OF ROADWAYS 1. PAVED – A. CONCRETE B. ASPHALT 2. GRAVEL 3. DIRT 4 UNDER CONSTRUCTION

MANAGING TIME, SPACE & VISIBILITY REFERS TO WHAT YOU CAN SEE FROM BEHINDTHE WHEEL AND HOW WELL YOU CAN SEE IT. IT ALSO REFERS TO THE ABILITY OF OTHER DRIVERS TO SEE YOU. 2. TIME - INVOLVES THE ABILITY TO JUDGE YOUR SPEED AND THE SPEED OF OTHER VEHICLES .

MANAGING TIME, SPACE & VISIBILITY REFERS TO DISTANCE. KEEPING YOUR VEHICLE AT A GOOD SAFETY MARGAIN. A SPACE CUSHION AROUND YOUR VEHICLE OF 3 TO 5 SECONDS.

DRIVING SYSTEMS THE SMITH SYSTEM OF DEFENSIVE DRIVING 1950’S DEVELOPED BY HAROLD SMITH FORD MOTOR CO. EXECUTIVE

THE SMITH SYSTEM 5 STEP PROCESS: AIM HIGH – USE THE 15 SECOND RULE (LOOK FAR DOWN THE ROAD, NOT JUST RIGHT IN FRONT OF THE CAR). KEEP YOUR EYES MOVING – DON’T STARE DOWN THE MIDDLE OF THE ROAD MOVE YOUR EYES SIDE TO SIDE.

THE SMITH SYSTEM GET THE BIG PICTURE – LOOK FOR HAZARDS (15 SECONDS AHEAD) (OTHER MOTORISTS, PEDESTRAINS, VEHICLES, BICYCLES, ETC.) LEAVE YOURSELF AN OUT – MONITOR THE SPACE CUSHION AROUND VEHICLE

THE SMITH SYSTEM MAKE SURE OTHERS CAN SEE YOU – USE YOUR SIGNALS- DIRECTIONAL, HEADLIGHTS, BRAKE LIGHTS, HORN MAKE EYE CONTACT.

IPDE THIS DRIVING SYSTEM WAS DEVELOPED IN THE 1960’S. THE ACRONYM STANDS FOR

THIS IS IPDE I – STANDS FOR IDENTIFY YOU MUST LOCATE HAZARDS AND POTENTIAL CONFLICTS. IDENTIFY objects or conditions within 12-15 seconds ahead OF YOU

THIS IS IPDE P stands for PREDICT PREDICT what may happens based on your observations and prepare for what you may have to do to reduce your risk of being involved in an accident. DETERMINE WHAT THE HAZARD MIGHT DO………..

THIS IS IPDE P stands for PREDICT PREDICT what may happen based on your observations and prepare what you may have to do to reduce your risk of being involved in an accident. DETERMINE WHAT THE HAZARD MIGHT DO………..

THIS IS IPDE D – STANDS FOR DECIDE DETERMINE WHAT YOU NEED TO DO BASED ON YOUR PREDICTION

THIS IS IPDE E - STANDS FOR EXECUTE CARRY OUT YOUR DECISION POSSIBLE ACTIONS: ADJUSTMENTS OF SPEED (ACCELERATION, SLOWING OR STOPPING) ADJUSTMENTS OF POSITION (CHANGING LANE POSITION OR COMPLETELY CHANGING DIRECTION)

SIPDE THIS DRIVING SYSTEM WAS DEVELOPED IN THE 1970. THE ACRONYM STANDS FOR

THIS SIPDE THING S - STANDS FOR SEARCH – KEEP YOUR EYES MOVING AT ALL TIMES. SEARCHING PROVIDES YOU A MEANS OF LOOKING FOR HAZARDS. THERE ARE 3 GROUPS OF HAZARDS YOU NEED TO BE AWARE OF: CARS, TRUCKS AND OTHER VEHICLES PEDESTRIANS AND ANIMALS STATIONARY OBJECTS

I – STANDS FOR IDENTIFY THIS SIPDE THING YOU MUST LOCATE HAZARDS AND POTENTIAL CONFLICTS. IDENTIFY objects or conditions within 12- 15 seconds ahead OF YOU

THIS SIPDE THING P stands for PREDICT PREDICT what may happen based on your observations and prepare what you may have to do to reduce your risk of being involved in an accident. DETERMINE WHAT THE HAZARD MIGHT DO………..

D – STANDS FOR DECIDE THIS SIPDE THING DETERMINE WHAT YOU NEED TO DO BASED ON YOUR PREDICTION

E - STANDS FOR EXECUTE THIS SIPDE THING CARRY OUT YOUR DECISION POSSIBLE ACTIONS: ADJUSTMENTS OF SPEED (ACCELERATION, SLOWING OR STOPPING) ADJUSTMENTS OF POSITION (CHANGING LANE POSITION OR COMPLETELY CHANGING DIRECTION)

THE SAFE METHOD THE SAFE METHOD FOR DRIVING WAS DEVELOPED IN THE EARLY 2000’S TO COME UP WITH A NEWER AND NOT SO OUT-DATED METHOD OF DEFENSIVE DRIVING. THE ACRONYM STANDS FOR:

THE SAFE METHOD OF DRIVING S – STANDS FOR SCAN KEEP YOUR EYES MOVING AT ALL TIMES TO EFFECTIVELY SEE IMMINENT DANGER

THE SAFE METHOD OF DRIVING A – STANDS FOR ASSESS IDENTIFY OR LOCATE POTENTIAL THREATS (ROADWAY FEATURES) TAKE NOTICE OF HAZARDS THAT COULD CAUSE YOU TROUBLE.

THE SAFE METHOD OF DRIVING F – STANDS FOR FIND TO FIND “AN OUT” AN ESCAPE ROUTE THAT ALLOWS YOU TO AVOID A COLLISION.

THE SAFE METHOD OF DRIVING E - STANDS FOR EXECUTE EXECUTE A SAFE COURSE OF ACTION TO AVOID A DANGEROUS SITUATION.

DEFENSIVE DRIVING CHARACTERISTICS THE 5 CHARACTERISTICS OF DEFENSIVE DRIVING: KNOWLEDGE - A GOOD DRIVER WILL HAVE A GOOD KNOWLEDGE OF THE TRAFFIC LAWS. ALERTNESS – A GOOD DRIVER IS ALERT TO WHAT IS GOING ON AROUND THEM.

DEFENSIVE DRIVING CHARACTERISTICS ANTICIPATION - GOOD DRIVERS ANTICIPATE WHAT MAY OR MAY NOT HAPPEN, AND THEY TAKE ACTION TO AVOID MANY PROBLEMS. JUDGMENT - GOOD DRIVERS DO NOT MAKE RISKY MANEUVERS LIKE TRYING TO BEAT A RED LIGHT. SKILL – THEY HAVE THE TECHNICAL SKILLS TO OPERATE A VEHICLE SAFELY THROUGH TRAFFIC. THEY CAN HANDLE HAZARDOUS CONDITIONS.

DRIVER FATIGUE

WHAT IS DRIVER FATIGUE? It is the general term used to describe the experience of feeling sleepy, tired, or exhausted when driving a vehicle.

Symptoms May Include: Heavy eyelids. Tired or sore eyes. Poor concentration. Yawning. Restlessness. Drowsiness. Slow reaction. Boredom. Feeling irritable. Missing road signs. Having difficulty staying in the lane/over steering. Succumbing to micro sleeps.

How can you prevent driver fatigue-related fatalities? Good nights sleep. Pull over and stop. Napping. Nutrition. Stay hydrated Affects of medication. Adjust environment. Radio usage. Do not use cruise control.

Remember, once fatigue sets in—sleep is the only cure! DRIVER FATIGUE Remember, once fatigue sets in—sleep is the only cure!

HIGHWAY HYPONSIS WHAT IS HIGHWAY HYPONSIS?

HIGHWAY HYPONSIS Highway hypnosis is a very dangerous situation that really occurs when you're driving, generally late at night; generally on lonely stretches of road where there's a lack of mental stimulation.

WAYS TO AVOID FALLING ASLEEP AT THE WHEEL. The best way to stay aware while driving is to constantly look around. You should be checking your speedometer periodically anyway, as well as your rear-view mirror and side view mirrors. Staying aware of any changes in road markers, such as a two-lane road becoming a one-lane road, is very important when driving long distances.

WAYS TO AVOID FALLING ASLEEP AT THE WHEEL. AVOID EATING HEAVY MEALS BEFORE TRAVELING GET PLENTY OF SLEEP THE NIGHT BEFORE PLAY THE RADIO COOL THE TEMPERATURE OF THE CAR DOWN DRINK COFFEE STOP AT A REST AREA AND WALK AROUND OR JUST TAKE A NAP.