How Governments share POWER

Forms of Government •Different forms of government share, or distribute, power in different ways WITHIN the gov’t •The larger central government can have more or less power than the smaller regional (local) governments

Central Authority Country/Nation State/Province County Regional Authority State/Province County City

Washington DC

Cobb County Fulton County Butts County Fannin County Cherokee County Paulding County

7th grade 6th grade teachers teachers Central Authority 8th grade Regional Authority Regional Authority 7th grade teachers 6th grade teachers Central Authority Mrs. Stewart Mr. Hanby Mrs. Adair Regional Authority Regional Authority 8th grade teachers Connections teachers

3 ways governments distribute power: Federal -Central = Regional EQUAL in power Unitary -Central > Regional -Central has GREATER power than regional Confederation -Central < Regional -Central has LESS power than regional

Regional Regional F E D E R A L Central Regional Regional

Regional Regional U N I T A R Y Central Regional Regional

Regional Regional Central C O N F E D E R A T I O N Regional Regional

3 ways citizens participate: Autocracy- citizens have no input; decisions are made by one ruler Oligarchy- a small group of people make the decisions; citizens have very little or no input Democracy- citizens elect those in control

President is the head of state and the chief of state Presidential Democracy President is the head of state and the chief of state President and the legislature are chosen in separate elections – members of the legislature have no more say in the election of the President than any other citizen Presidential and the legislature are separate branches of government and powers are divided between them. Parliamentary Most of the time the head of state & the chief of state are two people Many times the head of state has a ceremonial role and the chief of state is the one with the power Chief of state is usually called a Prime Minister Chief of state is chosen by the legislature, not directly by the people Chief executive and the legislature are usually the same branch of government. Legislature is often called parliament

Dictatorship –A government in which a ruler or leader wields absolute power and is not restricted by laws or the constitution: citizens have few rights How does a dictator come to power? Republic –A government where people elect representatives and give them the power to vote on issues for them: Citizens are involved through their representatives (voting, writing, lobbying). 2 Types of Monarchies Absolute Monarchy – a monarchy that is not limited or restrained by laws or a constitution Constitutional Monarchy – A government with a Emperor, King or Queen whose power is limited by the constitution or laws (position is a ceremonial role) 2 Types of Republics / Democracies Parliamentary Democracy – Chief executive is chosen by the legislature and is responsible to the legislature Presidential Democracy – The President is elected independently of the legislature: President is a separate branch of government

Match the vocabulary word to its definition: 1. democratic_____A__ 2. autocratic ____B___ 3. oligarchic____C___ 4. confederation___F____ 5. federal____D___ 6. unitary____E___ 7. parliamentary democracy___H____ 8. presidential democracy____G___ A rule by all B rule by one C rule by the few D the central authority and regional authorities share equal power E the central authority has more power than the regional authorities F the regional authority has more power than the central authorities G citizens elect the executive branch H legislative branch elects executive branch

ROLE OF THE CITIZEN: Label the continuum below with the following terms: oligarchy, democracy, and autocracy Autocracy Oligarchy Democracy 1 2 3 LEAST citizen participation MOST citizen participation

What type of government (autocracy, oligarchy, or democracy) is each of the following? 10. dictatorship --------------------------------------Autocracy 11. constitutional monarchy ----------------------Oligarchy 12. absolute monarchy ------------------------------Autocracy 13. communism --------------------------------------Oligarchy 14. republic --------------------------------------------Democracy 15. theocracy ------------------------------------------Oligarchy

Use your notes to tell HOW the LEADERS of each government GET POWER: 16. monarchy (ex. King, Queen, Emperor): _________________inherited_____________ 17. republic (ex. President, Prime Minister):_____________elected by citizens_______ 18. constitutional monarchy: _______handed down/ parliament vote__________________ 19. dictatorship: ___________chosen by government___________________ 20. What type of government is run by a monarch with unlimited power? absolute monarchy 21. What type of government is run by elected leaders but also has a monarch with limited power? constitutional monarchy 22. What type of government is run by a single political party who makes all government decisions? autocratic 23. What type of government is run by a religious group? theocracy

Parliamentary: citizens elect parliament 24. What is the difference between a parliamentary democracy and presidential democracy? (focus on voting) Parliamentary: citizens elect parliament Presidential: citizens elect president 25. Circle the head of government in a parliamentary democracy: Prime Minister or President 26. Sharing of Powers within Government levels (central and regional authorities): Label the continuum below with the following terms: federal, confederation, and unitary Unitary Confederation Federal LEAST central control MOST central control

27. What person and place represents the central authority (government) of the United States? President Obama and Washington D.C. 28. Compared to the government above, which level of government is the state of Georgia? regional or central 29. In China, the national government does NOT let its states have any lawmaking decisions. What type of government is this? (circle one) confederation federal unitary 30. The United States shares lawmaking decisions between the central and regional governments. What type of government is this? (circle one)