Deviance in Sport A behaviour that falls outside the norms or outside what is deemed to be acceptable

Our culture puts sport on a pedestal Unfortunately there are times when the actions of our sporting elite disappoint. List some examples: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bBjg5FKnyVU&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fZR1WIJtbfY

What behaviour within sport would not be acceptable in wider society What behaviour within sport would not be acceptable in wider society? Who within sport can be deviant? Deviance - social behaviour that is different from what is regarded as normal or acceptable within society

3 Types of Behaviour Jay Coakley, 92 POSITIVE DEVIANCE NORMAL BEHAVIOUR NEGATIVE DEVIANCE Give examples of each 3 Types of Behaviour Jay Coakley, 92

Negative defiance – Knowingly & intentionally breaks the rules & ethics of sport Positive defiance – Behaviour outside the norm but with no intention to harm or break the rules

Some actions in sport are deemed to be within the ‘normal & acceptable behaviour’ category would be considered both deviant & illegal if they took place in wider society Can you think of an example? Rugby scrum – using fists Average person in street struggle to understand this concept Relative defiance – deviant behaviour that is not acceptable in wider society but may be deemed to be acceptable by those involved in a sub-culture

Sport often refers to deal itself with the those who break its rules & etiquette But the police are increasingly LESS willing to look the other way when breach of the law occurs, even though the behaviour in question has occurred within a sporting context Whether or not the behaviour is viewed within a sporting context is determined by whether or not it breaks the CONTRACT TO COMPETE

Defiance the contract to compete Within the characteristics of the activity Allowing fair/free opportunity to win/achieve CONTRACT TO COMPETE Performers agree to strive against each other to win Within the rules/ethics of the contest Tale about & write examples about each - - relate to your own sport!!!! Write an example of each. Defiance the contract to compete

Causes of deviant behaviour

Causes of deviant behaviour Individual players lack moral restraint Players may value winning above the loss of respect or punishment Rewards so great that larger number of players are prepared to cross the line (could be considered as positive deviance) Deviant behaviour become less socially unacceptable Sport GB’s may feel less able to punish deviant behaviour in fear of being taken to the courts by the performers Causes of deviant behaviour

Who can be violent? picture Violence in sport

Violence between players A spontaneous outburst A predetermined & planned action The cause Occurs as an aggressive act by one player to another. This behaviour may be caused by……. Violence between players

Violence between players A spontaneous outburst A predetermined & planned action The cause Occurs as an aggressive act by one player to another. This behaviour may be caused by……. Genetic inheritance Frustration (reaction/retaliation from crowd abuse) Loss of self-identity (follow actions of crowd rather than won inclinations) Social learning – imitating actions of a resected role model who's aggressive behaviour has been positively reinforced (rewarded) Violent acts are perpetrated as cold & deliberate acts, not as a result of ehightneded emotions. Within some teams there are ‘enforcers’ whos role it is to physically intimidate the opposition Violence between players

Who deals with violent players? Team managers/coaches - individual performers - NGB’s of sport

NGB’s Peer read highlighting the key points about dealing with violent players

Team mangers, Coaches & Captains

Individual player

Were there any situations that caused you to feel anger & frustration? How did you deal with those situations? Were your actions in accordance with a player code of conduct or your own expectations of yourself? If a similar situation arose in the future, how might you deal with it differently? Group discussion

Violence can sometimes occur in elite sport, for example football, both on and off the pitch. Why might an elite performer commit an act of violence on the pitch? (3 marks) Exam Question

Why might an elite performer commit an act of violence on the pitch Why might an elite performer commit an act of violence on the pitch? (3 marks) 1. Over-strong desire to win/over arousal/pressure 2. May be encouraged/asked to do so by coach/team mates/pressure from sponsors/crowds 3. Player loses control due to action of opponents/referee decisions/retaliates/frustration 4. Player lacks moral/ethical restraints on personal behaviour 5. Financial rewards 6. Importance of game/cup final/equivalent

Research & print off a code of conduct for players or performers in two different sports. Highlighting any similarities or differences between the two Explain the consequences of spectator violence, for example hooliganism, for the clubs and sporting authorities. (4 marks) Home learning

4 marks for 4 of: Negative image of sport causes decline in participation rates/smaller foundation base Spectator attendance declines Supporters banned from travelling/attending/matches played behind closed doors All supporters treated as hooligans Teams banned from competing/loss of points/fined Sponsors/commercial deals withdrawn Additional cost to police events/provide more stewards Relationship with local community/other countries declines /negative impact for hosting future events The focus of the question is on the consequences and not the strategies used A – negative image too vague, need consequence Do NOT accept lose money – have to say how money is lost G – Has to be reference to increase need