Constitutional Interpretations

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Presentation transcript:

Constitutional Interpretations Strict – If the Constitution doesn’t specifically assign Congress the power, then the power belongs to the states. Loose – Because the Constitution states that Congress has the power to make all laws “necessary and proper” to carry out its duties, then the Constitution doesn’t need to specifically state a power for Congress to make a law.

Federalists vs. Democratic-Republicans Were led by Alexander Hamilton Believed only the wealthy, elite, and well educated should lead nation Favored strong national government Emphasized manufacturing, shipping, and trade Favored loose interpretation of Constitution Were pro-British Favored national bank Favored protective tariff Promoted national military Were led by Thomas Jefferson Believed all people should have political power Favored strong state governments Emphasized agriculture Favored strict interpretation of Constitution Were pro-French Opposed national bank Opposed protective tariff Promoted local militia

(Democratic-Republican) Federalists vs. Democratic-Republicans Issue Hamilton’s Views (Federalist) Jefferson’s Views (Democratic-Republican) Manufacturing or farming Thought the government should encourage manufacturing and trade. Favored cities and merchants. Thought farmers were the backbone of the nation. Feared manufacturing would concentrate power in the hands of a few wealthy Americans. Federal or state power Federal government should have greater power than state governments. A strong federal government would increase commerce and keep the peace. A small federal government would protect individual freedom. A strong federal government might take over powers the Constitution gave to the states.

Federalists vs. Democratic-Republicans Bank of the United States It’s purpose was to encourage economic growth The government deposited money from taxes in the Bank. The Bank issued paper money to pay the government’s bills and make loans to farmers and businesses. Tariff, or tax, on foreign goods The purpose was to make imported goods more expensive than American-made goods Hamilton and many northerners wanted a high tariff to protect American goods from foreign competition. Southern farmers opposed a high tariff. Congress passed a tariff, but it was lower than the tariff Hamilton wanted.