Fungi Kingdom

Kingdom Characteristics Eukaryotic Heterotrophs – digest food outside of body then absorb it Can be saprobes (get food from decaying matter ) or parasites Cell walls made of Chitin Multicellular, except for yeast

Structure and Function Mycelium – Fungi body made up of many tiny filaments in a tangled mass Hyphae – the individual filaments that make up the mycelium One cell thick Some have cross walls, some don’t (draw example) May contain many nuclei Fruiting Body – reproductive structure that grows from the mycelium

Fungus Structure

Reproduction Both asexual and sexual Asexually Sexually Produce spores (2N) in Sporangia Or fragmentation – break off Sexually Two mating types (+) or (-) Gametes (N) are produced in a structure called a gametangium

Common Molds (Zygomycota) Examples – Bread, cheese molds Terrestrial Rhizoids – hyphae that extend into bread Stolons – hyphae on the surface Sporangiophores – hyphae that push up into the air

Sac Fungi (ascomycota Examples – yeast, cup fungi Ascus – fruiting body that forms

Club Fungi (Basidiomycota) Examples – mushrooms, bracket or shelf fungi Basidium – fruiting body which has gills lined with basidia (spores)

Imperfect Fungi (Deuteromycota) Examples – Athletes foot, penicillium Only reproduce asexually

Symbiotic relationships - Lichen Mutualistic relationship between a fungi (usually an ascomycete) and a photosynthetic organism (usually green algae) Resistant to drought, cold, or harsh environments Very sensitive to air pollution

Symbiotic relationships - Mycorrhizae Mutualistic relationship between fungi and plants Fungi helps plant with water absorbtion Plant gives fungi food Found on 80% of plants

Hidden fungi - Cryptomycota Just discovered yesterday (seriously) Life cycle includes swimming stage and stage living symbiotically with green algae No chitin cell wall discovered yet so it might not even be a fungi!??!?!

These are the jokes Why did the mushroom get invited to so many parties? Why did the algae and and the fungus get married?