1. Fungi
Chapter 21

2. Watch the Video on Fungi

3. What are Fungi?
Eukaryotic heterotrophs that have cell walls made of chitin
Digest food outside of their bodies and then absorb it
Saprobes: another word for decomposer

4. Structure and Function
Hyphae: thin filaments that is only one cell thick that make up fungi
Mycelium: composed of many hyphae tangled together
Fruiting body: reproductive structure growing from the soil beneath it

6. Reproduction Asexual reproduction:
takes place when cells or hyphae break off from a fungus and begin to grow on their own
Production of spores:
Produced in structures called sporangia

7. Sexual Reproduction: Involves two different mating types
“+” (plus) and “-” (minus)
When hyphae of opposite mating types meet, they fuse together

8. Classification of Fungi
The common molds:
grow on meat, cheese, and bread
Members of phylum Zygomycota
Two different types of hyphae:
Rhizoids: anchor the fungus to the bread, release digestive enzymes and absorb digested organic material
Stolons: stemlike hyphae that run along the surface of the bread

10. The Sac Fungi: Members of the phylum Ascomycota
Named for ascus, which the a reproductive structure that contains spores
Largest phylum in Kingdom Fungi
Yeasts: unicellular fungi

11. The Club Fungi: Phylum Basidiomycota
Gets name from specialized reproductive structure that resembles a club
Basidia: spore-bearing structure found on the gills that grow on the underside of mushroom caps
Many more pictures on page 535

12. Edible and inedible mushrooms
When properly cooked and prepared, domestic mushrooms are tasty and nutritious
Wild mushrooms: some are edible, but most are poisonous
The result of eating a poisonous mushroom can be severe illness or even death