Chapter 16 Groundwater.

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 16 Groundwater

Groundwater Water that fills and moves through pores in rock and sediment Important part of fresh water

Aquifer Body of rock or sediment where large amounts of water flow or is stored

Porosity % of the rock or sediment with open space Sorting affects porosity

Permeability Ability of a rock or sediment to let fluids pass through Impermeable – water cannot flow Clay

Aquifers Gravity pulls water down until it reaches an impermeable layer

Zones of Aquifers Saturation – pore space is completely filled with water Water table – upper layer of zone

Aeration – Between surface and water table 3 layers 1. Soil moisture 2. Dry 3. Capillary fringe – attraction of water molecules

Water Tables Change

Conserving Groundwater Water moves slowly Years to replace Recharge zone – water travels to reach an aquifer Sensitive to pollution

Ordinary Well

Ordinary Spring

Cone of Depression

Artesian Formation Permeable rock between impermeable rock Sloped No pumping

Geysers and Hot Springs 16

17

18

19

20

21

22

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24

Hard vs Soft Water Hard – lots of minerals Soft – low amounts

Cavern Large cave with smaller chambers

Stalactites – top Stalagmites – bottom Column - connect

Sinkholes Water dissolves rock

Karst Topography Caverns and sinkholes in limestone

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