The Split of the Roman Empire LG 1: Explain how Roman Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy were unifying social and political forces in Western Europe and Byzantine Europe and identify the impact of ideas contained in Justinian’s Code of Laws.
Rome in 116 AD: An enormous empire…
476: The Split of the Roman Empire- things change… drastically WESTERN EUROPE BYZANTINE EMPIRE
The Role of the Church The Catholic Church survived the fall of Rome The church was the only thing remaining that provided order and security to the people in the west Christianity served as cultural unity Shared beliefs, ideas, goals = a community Gothic architecture & grand cathedrals Flying buttresses, stained glass
Western Europe: Life after the fall of Rome Western Rome fell to barbarian invaders in 476 A.D. Start of the Middle Ages (500-1500) No central government or Laws Various kingdoms across Europe Kingdoms often at war Constant threat of invasion Trade disrupted Cities abandoned due to danger; people fled to rural areas Decline in learning Loss of common language Lack of loyalty to government; focus on family ties Return to small communities
A Germanic Kingdom: The Franks The Franks emerged as the largest Germanic kingdom Led by Clovis, who converted to Catholicism Clovis: United Frankish people into one kingdom allied with the Church spread Christianity Expanded the empire Power of the pope increased Set up monasteries where Christian monks could study religion Video clip Frank- >France. Germanic chiefs led warriors who pledged warriors to him; fought to the death for him- disgrace to outlive
Baptism of Clovis
The Frankish Empire expands Charles Martel Nobleman who united more Frankish kingdoms 732 AD – The Crusades (wars between Christians & Muslims over the holy land in Israel) Charles Martel & the Catholic Franks defeated the Moors (Muslims) at the Battle of Tours Unexpected victory This prevented the Moors from invading Europe, preventing the spread of Islam to Western
Charlemagne Charlemagne: the Holy Roman Emperor After Charles Martel’s death, his son Pepin took over – appointed King by the pope, then his grandson Charlemagne took power Charlemagne: the Holy Roman Emperor Most important leader of the Franks Ruled 768-814 A.D. Time of education, religion, and power Unified Christian land in Europe into one single empire: The Holy Roman Empire signified that Western Europe was now totally separate from the Byzantine
The Holy Roman Empire collapsed due to new threats of invasion (Slavs, Magyars, Muslims, Vikings) led to the system of feudalism, a system of military service in exchange for land After Charlemagne…
The Byzantine Empire LG 1: Explain how Roman Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy were unifying social and political forces in Western Europe and Byzantine Europe and identify the impact of ideas contained in Justinian’s Code of Laws.
Byzantine Empire 500 to 1453 C.E. After the fall of Rome, the eastern empire continued for another 1,000 years Eastern half= Byzantine Empire Much more stable than the west, which collapsed Emperor Constantine moved the capital city to Byzantium and renamed it Constantinople Constantinople: cosmopolitan city with LOTS of trade; surrounded by water on 3 sides 1 million+ citizens! named after Byzantium, the original name of its capital city
Justinian, 518-565 C.E. Created a systematic body of laws – Justinian’s Code Became the basis for many law codes in the western world today One of the greatest Byzantine Emperors Wife – Theodora Rebuilt the empire after a revolt Built the Hagia Sophia – grand church Bigger the church the more glory to God it showed.
Hagia Sophia
Byzantine Empire Empire organized through a bureaucracy Officials were trained in Hellenistic classics (remember Greek influence) Regulated trade, taxes, and prices of goods Western Empire – spoke Latin Byzantine Empire – spoke Greek
Split of the Christian Church Byzantine Empire – Began Eastern Orthodox Church Led by the Patriarch Western Europe – Continued to practice Catholicism Led by the Pope
Exit Ticket What happened at the Battle of Tours? Which religion was associated with the Byzantine Empire? True or False: The Catholic church served as a cultural unifier in Western Europe