Road to the Civil War Project By Mr. Clegg Missouri Compromise Road to the Civil War Project By Mr. Clegg Missouri Compromise was a plan agreed upon by the United States Congress in 1820 to settle the debate over slavery in the Louisiana Purchase area. The plan temporarily maintained the balance between free and slave states.

Background Information Mason-Dixon Line - North and South 1793 Eli Whitney invents cotton gin 1803 Louisiana Purchase 1818 Missouri Territory requests statehood

Mason-Dixon Line Mason-Dixon Line is the traditional boundary of North and South and Free and Slave States. The Ohio River extends the division west to the Mississippi River. http://z.about.com/d/geography/1/0/r/A/masondixon.jpg

Cotton Engine Harpers - http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_9QknraFPfQc/R89p0k-yaZI/AAAAAAAAAcI/U4kBK51J1hM/s320/slaves%2Busing%2Ba%2Bcotton%2Bgin.jpghttp://Cottong Gin - www.statesymbolsusa.org/IMAGES/Texas/cotton_gin.jpg

Louisiana Purchase Louisiana Purchase Map - http://www.fl-genweb.org/orange/Maps/LouisianaPurchase.jpg Thomas Jefferson - http://www.visitingdc.com/images/thomas-jefferson-picture.jpg

Causes In 1818, Missouri applies for statehood MO was part of the Louisiana Purchase Slavery was legal (10,000 slaves) The Senate is equally balanced (11 free and 11 slave states) Sectionalism divides regions n 1818, the Territory of Missouri, which was part of the Louisiana Purchase, applied for admission to the Union. Slavery was legal in the Territory of Missouri, and about 10,000 slaves lived there. Most people expected Missouri to become a slave state. When the bill to admit Missouri to the Union was introduced, there were an equal number of free and slave states. Six of the original 13 states and five new states permitted slavery, while seven of the original states and four new states did not. This meant that the free states and the slave states each had 22 senators in the United States Senate. The admission of Missouri threatened to destroy this balance.

The Senate 11 Free States 11 Slave States A balance http://www.aoc.gov/cc/capitol/1846_plumbe1.cfm

Tallmadge Amendment James Tallmadge of New York introduced an amendment to prohibit slaves from entering the state after its admission. Southerners were afraid of: losing money growing cotton. Northern power in the House the end of slavery (right of property) A heated debate broke out in Congress when Representative James Tallmadge of New York introduced an amendment to the bill enabling Missouri to become a state. Tallmadge proposed to prohibit the bringing of any more slaves into Missouri, and to grant freedom to the children of slaves born within the state after its admission. This proposal disturbed Southerners, who found cotton growing by means of slave labor increasingly profitable, and feared national legislation against slavery. Because the free states dominated the House of Representatives, the slave states felt they must keep the even balance in the Senate.

John C. Calhoun South Carolina Senator (THE SOUTH) Photo - http://amhist.ist.unomaha.edu/module_files/John%20C%20Calhoun.jpg Paint - http://images.google.com/images?hl=en&safe=active&client=safari&rls=en&um=1&sa=1&q=john+c+calhoun+paintings&aq=f&oq=&aqi=&start=0 In 1848, Congress passed the Oregon Territory bill, which prohibited slavery in the area. President James K. Polk signed the bill because the Oregon Territory lay north of the Missouri Compromise line. Later proposals tried to extend the line by law across the continent to the Pacific Ocean. These efforts failed. The Missouri Compromise was repealed by the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 (see Kansas-Nebraska Act).

Daniel Webster Senator of Massachusetts (THE NORTH)

Henry Clay Senator of Kentucky (THE WEST) Photo - http://media-2.web.britannica.com/eb-media/55/7555-004-BD1CF1AC.jpg Paint - http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d8/John_Neagle_Henry_Clay.jpg he compromise admitted Maine as a free state and authorized Missouri to form a state constitution. A territory had to have an established constitution before it could become a state. The compromise also banned slavery from the Louisiana Purchase north of the southern boundary of Missouri, the line of 36｡ 30' north latitude, except in the state of Missouri.

The Compromise Missouri as a slave state Maine as a free state 36 30 line separates free and slave territory of Louisiana Purchase

Missouri Compromise Map

The Effects Peace for 40 years Does NOT end slavery Sectionalism grows stronger

Work Cited Page Foley, William E. "Missouri Compromise." World Book Student. World Book, 2009. Web. 5 Nov. 2009.