Nervous System Review

Cerebellum The cerebellum is the structure of the brain responsible for coordination of movement, muscle coordination, muscle tone, and balance.

Cerebrum The cerebrum is the largest, most anterior part of the brain. It is divided into right and left halves, called hemispheres.

Medulla Oblongata The medulla oblongata is an enlarged continuation of the spinal cord extending up into the pons.

Meninges The organs of the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) are covered by 3 connective tissue layers collectively called the meninges. Consisting of the pia mater (closest to the CNS structures), the arachnoid and the dura mater (farthest from the CNS),

Midbrain The midbrain is located beneath the cerebrum in the uppermost region of the brainstem.

Pons The pons appears as a rounded bulge on the underside of the brain stem and separates the midbrain from the enlarged continuation of the spinal cord.

Spinal Cord The spinal cord is a column of nervous tissue from the brainstem through the vertebrae, responsible for nerve conduction to and from the brain and the body.

Ventricles Ventricles are a series of interconnected cavities within the cerebral hemispheres and brainstem filled with cerebrospinal fluid.

Gyri and Sulci Convolutions (mounds) of the cerebral hemispheres are called gyri (singular gyrus). Shallow grooves that separate gyri are called sulci (singular sulcus).

Lobes of the brain

Parts of the Neuron

Central Nervous System The central nervous system is made of up the brain and spinal cord.

Peripheral Nervous System The peripheral nervous system is made up of the 12 pairs of cranial nerves and 31 pairs of spinal nerves.