Circular Economy Development in China Dr. Hongchun Zhou Department of Social Development Development Research Center of the State Council, China 2018/11/18

Outline 1. Introduction 2. Circular Economy in China 3. Some Case Study 4. Conclusion and Discussion 2018/11/18

1. Introduction Definition of the Circular Economy: Circular economy covers all of economic development activities which reduce, reuse and recycle resources, in order to maximize resource use and minimize pollution and emission, aiming at sustainable development. Reduce: Material input and waster discharge; Reuse: as second-hand, recovery, remanufacture, part(s) of products; Recycle: as raw material, and thermal use. Ref. Law of the Circular Economy Promotion of the People’s Republic of China. 2018/11/18

2. The Circular Economy in China Directive of the Circular Economy Promotion Issued by State Council, July 2, 2005 Five sectors: - exploration, production, logistics, consumption, recovery, recycle. Four priority: - energy conservation, water-saving, resource comprehensive utility, environmental industry 2018/11/18

Law of the Circular Economy Promotion 7 chapters and 58 items, in which 7 regulators: -plan, -total quantity control, -assessment, -extended producer responsibility, -management of enterprises with high energy consumption and emissions -incentives, and -conpension Means of circular economy in China is similar to ecological agriculture, industry ecology, and/or green industry. Establish national statistics database for Circular Economy Development 2018/11/18

3. Cases of Circular Economy in China Initiate pilot involves parties at three levels: Enterprises, Eco-industrial Park, and Urban areas. such enterprises in the sectors as Iron and steel, non-ferrous metal, power plant, chemicals, construction materials, light industry; Recovery system, recycling of secondary metal, recovery of used electric products, and re-manufacture, and Provinces and cities. - the first trial of pilot Circular Economy Development programme contains 83 parties - the second one involves 98 parties 2018/11/18

The Circular Economy in Agriculture 2018/11/18

Energy-saving and resource comprehensive utilisation at Jinan Steel 2018/11/18 Energy-saving and resource comprehensive utilisation at Jinan Steel

Copper Recovery in Tianjin EIP Solid Wastes imported; Artificial classification； crushed by a machine; Water separating; Best use of everything 2018/11/18

4. Conclusion and Discussion China has made some progress in the Circular Economy development China is actively taking measures and actions to reduce energy consumption so as to control greenhouse gas emission; China is facing big challenge during the stage of industrialization and urbanization; Questions? Are these activities belong to Low Carbon Economy? 2018/11/18

Growth rate of GDP and Energy consumption during 1978~2006 GDP and energy consumption growth rate in China since 1978 2018/11/18

GDP and energy intensity in China during 1978～2006 Unit: 10K yuan Ref: Energy intensity in 2006 decreased by 67.7％ compared to 1978. GDP at 1978 price. 2018/11/18

Chare of Primary Energy consumption in China since 1978 2018/11/18

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Actively develop hydropower in China 2018/11/18 Hydropower Installation in China

Use wind energy Wind electricity capacity is 6050 MW till 2007; 4200 MW capacity is under construction (putting China the fifth in the world); up to 10000 WM this year, and 20000 MW in 2010 (will then be putting China as the top one in terms of wind power capacity in the world). fasten the construction of wind plant and develop wind power equipment up to 10000 MW of capacity (Zhang, 2008) 2018/11/18

Nuclear development: about 9 000MW of unclear power installation is in use now (1.3% of the total capacity) 6 plants, 11 units of unclear power with 9060 MW capacities in use since the first phase of Qinshan plant in 1991, and the other 7900 MW capacity of 8 plants are under construction. The second phase of Lingao unclear plant in construction 2018/11/18

Wastes used as energy sources Biomass energy development Use agricultural residues (such as unwanted stems) to generate electricity One of the 100 on-going Biomass power plants under construction 2018/11/18

26.23 million families use biogas in 2007. 2018/11/18

Integration of greenhouse, piggery, heating, methane-generation CO2 O2 Biogas for heating Tank for Biogas Digester 2018/11/18

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Shut down small scale of plant Shut down small scale plants below or of 21570MW capacity in 2007. Consumed coal of electricity generation decreased by 10 g/kWh, which equals to 0.3 million tones less of SO2 emission and 37.6 million tones less of CO2 emission. 2018/11/18

The plan of renewable energy development in China Wind power: additional 9000 MW, and all together up 10000 MW renewable to 2010; Biomass: 5500 MW capacity to 2010; Biogas (methane): 40 million families, large scale of 6300 biogas engineers; Thermal use of solar energy on 150 mm2, solar power of 300MW; National input 12.2 billion yuan into demonstration of biomass technology in rural areas. 2018/11/18

Thank you! 2018/11/18