Immigrants & the Cities
Growth of the Cities 40% lived in cities by 1900; majority by 1920 Who came: rural residents, Southern blacks, immigrants Problems: fires, disease, pollution, poverty, crime Housing varied: mansions to tenements
Growth of the Cities
Housing Conditions Immigrant families Renting a place to sleep
Dumbbell Tenements
Jacob Riis: How the Other Half Lives
Helping the Urban Poor Social Gospel Movement: people should help the poor because that is what Jesus wants us to do Settlement Houses: offered help in poor (immigrant) neighborhoods English classes Daycare for working women Help to become citizens
Jane Addams – Hull House
Political Machines Helped immigrants assimilate Traded jobs & services for votes Boss Tweed – NYC; headed Tammany Hall Machine