WORLD WAR 1: The Great War Cause and Effects

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SS.912.A.4.5 Examine causes, course, and consequences of United States involvement in World War I. SS.912.A.4.6 Examine how the United States government prepared the nation for war with war measures (Selective Service Act, War Industries Board, war bonds, Espionage Act, Sedition Act, Committee of Public Information). SS.912.A.4.7 Examine the impact of airplanes, battleships, new weaponry and chemical warfare in creating new war strategies (trench warfare, convoys). SS.912.A.4.10 Examine the provisions of the Treaty of Versailles and the failure of the United States to support the League of Nations.

Overview of World War I Taken from http://diazsocialstudies.org/ahistory_units_2.htm#WWI1

World War I Main causes of WWI: Nationalism Imperialism Militarism Creation of the Alliance System An assassination leads to War

World War I Nationalism One nation is viewed as separate and believed the way they did things was the best and right way Need to gain control of world resources

World War I Imperialism Power countries (Britain, France, Portugal, Italy and Germany) wanted to have colonies all over the world Most of Asia and Africa was controlled by European countries Built powerful Navies, monopolized trade, holdings in China, India, and Africa Believed that through imperialism they were improving the lives of the colonists Conflicts over who should control territories began

World War I Militarism When a nations military takes over the countries government, becoming the leaders. Germany began challenging other European nations to become a world power Grew their military and naval strength Nations began competing against each other

World War I Creation of the Alliance System Countries signed treaties in which all who signed stated they would help the other country. The Triple Entente became the Allied Powers (France, Britain, Russia) The Triple Alliance became the Central Power (Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy)

World War I An assassination leads to War June 1914 Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife are assassinated in Sarajevo and Serbia is blamed This starts tensions building in Europe

Why did America declare War? Sinking of the Lusitania Threats by Germany Stronger economic ties with Britain and France

Why did America declare War? The Lusitania was torpedoed by the Germans The ship sank in 18 minutes and 1,198 drowned 128 of the passengers were Americans

Why did America declare War? Threats by Germany Germany had made the Sussex Pledge (they would not attack passenger ships and let merchant vessels abandon ship prior to an attack) Germany broke the pledge and continued to attack passenger and merchant ships

Why did America declare War? Stronger economic ties with Britain and France Zimmerman Telegram-a coded message that Britain intercepted which stated that Germany was proposing and alliance with Mexico Sinking of the Lusitania

America Joins Allies in World War I US Congress declares war April 6, 1917

Impact of War in America At home the War Industries Board was created to coordinate supplies needed to fight the war Americans were asked to conserve resources for the troops Liberty Bonds were sold to help cover the cost of the war Espionage and Sedition made it illegal to speak against the war Women and African Americans took active roles in the War and on the home front

World War 1 Ends

World War 1 Ends 14 Point Plan President Wilson outlined his plan for peace in a speech to congress The points he made were ideas that the Allied Nations also supported and these were used as part of the terms for ending the war Source http://www.oldmagazinearticles.com/Summary_of_Woodrow_Wilsons_Fourteen_Points#.V6CxE_krLrc

Treaty of Versailles “The Big Four” were Allied leaders from France, Italy, America and Great Britain who meet in January 1919 to begin planning for a peace treaty Treaty of Versailles June 28, 1919 This was the peace treaty that ended the war between Germany and the Allied Powers It created new nations and forced Germany to pay for damages of the war (reparations)

Effects of World War I New weapons killed soldiers and civilians on a massive scale (machine guns, tank, airplane, and poisonous gas)

Impact On People, Homes, and Industry Source http://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/ks3/history/20th_century/first_world_war/revision/6/

Effects of World War I Bloodiest war in history up to that time Deaths could have been up to 22 million people (half civilians) Americans lost about 48,000 men in battle; 62,000 dying from disease; 200,000 wounded

Effects of World War I Economic costs- $338 billion New nations were created Germany had to “pay” and take “responsibility” for starting the war

Russian Government is Overthrown Effects of World War I Russian Government is Overthrown The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk is signed between Russia and the Central Powers Russia withdrew from the war and surrendered Poland, the Ukraine and other territory The Bolsheviks take over outing Tzar Nicolas and bring communism in

Additional Resources http://floridastudents.org/PreviewResource/StudentResource/155048 Crash Course for WWI, video 13 minutes   http://www.cpalms.org/Public/PreviewResourceUrl/Preview/37699 Reading Like a Historian, Entering WWI, primary source documents to help analyze why the US declared war https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n7kp3vf1uKA&feature=related Video The Origins of World War I part 1-7 minutes –uses black and white footage and walks you through the events leading to the war https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gjlGoe1mnw0 Video The Origins of World War I part 2- 7 minutes continuation of part 1 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lCbNE3ToePA&feature=related 3 minute video, The Outbreak of WWI, using maps shows what countries were involved in the conflict and gives brief explanation of why https://www.theworldwar.org/explore/interactive-wwi-timeline an interactive time line of the war https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B6hRDS3LvQQ Song “Over There” http://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/ks3/history/20th_century/first_world_war/revision/5/ One page summaries of parts of the war and comes with an activity, video and quiz