Absolute Monarchs in Russia, Prussia, and Austria

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Presentation transcript:

Absolute Monarchs in Russia, Prussia, and Austria Global History and Geography I Mr. Cox

Bellringer Essential Question Review: Who was the man to first attempt unity in Europe after the fall of Rome? What impacts did the journeys of Peter the Great have on the development of Russia? Essential Question

I. Holy Roman Empire Loses Power No longer holy or Roman, the empire was a collection of Germanic Kingdoms Emperor was chosen by electors Empire was divided: Catholic/Protestant The Thirty Years War Northern Protestants vs. Southern Catholics Engulfed much of Europe as political interests began to emerge Results European peace for a number of years ‘Westphalia Peace’ left over 350 Germanic Kingdoms scattered in the region Territorial gains/losses Massive depopulation

II. Hapsburg Austria Suffered territorial losses after the war but still remained a strong Catholic state Included multiple ethnic groups Hapsburg: Royal family of Europe, held multiple thrones in multiple kingdoms at different times Maria Theresa Empress at 23 Suppressed revolts, made reforms Demanded loyalty Fought with and lost territory to Prussia Established a strong Catholic state Would eventually morph into the Austro-Hungarian Empire

III. Protestant Prussia Hohenzollern Family united scattered tribes after the Westphalia Peace Well trained military state Reduced the freedom of the nobility, called Junkers Frederick I forged a huge army Fought wars with Austria and earned the title Frederick the Great

IV. Centralization of Russian Power Mongol power faded Russian princes took back power Focused in Moscow Early Russian Czars emerged Russian for Emperor Boyars were atop social pyramid Land-owning nobles

Peter the Great Czar from 1682 to 1725. Centralized Power Reduce power of the boyars Control the Orthodox Church Westernized Russia He traveled under disguise to Western European cities to study western ideas/technology and brought back them to Russia. Simplified Russian Alphabet, developed mining and textiles. Created the largest army in Europe in the late 1600s and used it to expand Russian territory. Reforms were furthered by Catherine II (Catherine the Great)

Essential Question Homework What impacts did the journeys of Peter the Great have on the development of Russia? Homework