Native Americans of the West

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Presentation transcript:

Native Americans of the West

Life before Expansion Native Americans utilize the Buffalo for a ton of different resources Food Clothes Weapons Shelter Tools As many as 50 million buffalo roamed the American West before settlers Native Americans were nomadic travelling where ever they wanted

Peopling the West Homestead Act: act set up to encourage expansion West Gave 160 acres for $10 Brought Settlers (Especially Immigrants and African Americans) west for new opportunities Sod Houses Oklahoma Land Rush: Land in Oklahoma is opened to settlers on first-come, first-served Sooners: Settlers who rushed to Oklahoma too “soon”

Native populations have their lives upended Settlers Arrive Native populations have their lives upended Settlers buy land and force Natives to leave lands Buffalo populations are cut down to just a few hundred Settlers kill buffalo and do not use them like Natives Damaged Indian culture Killing Buffalo makes way for railroads

Reforming Native Culture Settlers pose a few options to Native Americans Reservations: Designated land by government for Natives to live on Goal: keep Natives out of the way of settler development Dawes Act: Aimed to assimilate Natives (have them adopt “white” culture) Broke up Reservations and sold off land to natives (property ownership) Boarding Schools: Worked to assimilate Native Americans

Resistance Many Natives took up arms to defend their way of life Sioux: Tribe in the Dakotas Sitting bull: medicine man that lead resistance Crazy Horse: Chief that helped led resistance Battle of Little Big Horn: Massacre of American forces under George Custer, by the Sioux Wounded Knee Massacre: American retaliation for Little Big Horn, end of Native resistance

Nez Perce: Native tribe in Northwest Native Submission Nez Perce: Native tribe in Northwest Chief Joseph: Chief of the Nez Perce that chose not to resist “I shall fight no more forever” Long March: Nez Perce attempted to retreat into Canada Captured by Americans and relocated to reservations