Unit: Road to Revolution The French and Indian War
European Rivals in North America 1. The four European nations that struggled for empire and dominant trade were: England France Spain Netherlands (Dutch)
2. Why was the Ohio River Important? The Ohio Valley provided a vital link between their lands in Canada and their settlements along the Mississippi River
True or False (Circle one) All Native American Tribes fought along the side of the French The Huron and Algonquin sided with the French Iroquois sided with the British (they were enemies of the Huron/Algonquin & they hoped the British gov’t would stop American colonists from moving further west into their territories.)
Which English man gained the support of the Iroquois Which English man gained the support of the Iroquois? Why did they respect him? William Johnson / He had an Indian wife
The French and Indian War Begins French and Indian War. Write the definition in the box below. (copy from board) War fought between Great Britain and the French (who were allied with the Huron/Algonquin tribes) for control of the Northwest Territory (ohio river valley) **part of the 7 years war between Britain and France)
What was the name of the French fort that was built on the site Washington hoped to build his fort? Ft. Duquesne (doo-KAYN)
What was the name of the fort built by and later surrendered by the British? Ft. Necessity
The Albany Congress What were the two goals of the Albany Congress? To cement an alliance with the Iroquois To plan an united colonial defense
Albany Plan of Union. Write what is was in the box below Albany Plan of Union. Write what is was in the box below. (copy from board) A proposal to create a unified gov’t for the 13 colonies (made up of representatives from each colony) in order to discuss defense and other issues. **rejected by Parliament and some colonial legislatures
What colony was Benjamin Franklin from? Pennsylvania
A String of British Defeats Who was the British General who led the attacks against Fort Duquesne? Edward Braddock
After 2 years into the war which side seemed to be winning After 2 years into the war which side seemed to be winning? France or England (Circle one) British attacks against French forts failed French won important victories on the Great Lakes All of these defeats put strains on the British alliance with the Iroquois
The Tide of Battle Turns Who was William Pitt and what was his goal? He was the new head of the British Government (Prime Minister) His goal was to win the war in North America **His leadership his considered to be the turning point of the war
The Fall of New France What was the capital of New France? Quebec
What was General Wolfe’s Plan to take Quebec? To climb the steep cliffs and surprise the French
In what year did France and Britain sign the first Treaty of Paris? 1763
What did Britain gain after the French and Indian War? Britain gained Canada and all French lands east of the Mississippi River Spain ceded Florida to Britain and gained all French lands west of the Mississippi River and the Port of New Orleans