Early American Presidents: Setting the Stage for U.S. Policy

From the Beginning Who is George Washington? 1st President- What does that mean? Early problems!

Dealing with the Debt! First cabinet Early political parties Anti-Federalists became the Democratic-Republicans Federalists Alexander Hamilton

Hamilton’s Plan

The Rest of the Plan National Bank Whiskey Excise Protective Tariff Purpose Whiskey Excise What is an excise? Protective Tariff What is a tariff? Pupose

Reactions by Democratic Republicans NOT HAPPY!!!!! Debt Bank Excise Tax Whiskey Rebellion Tariff

Other Things Washington Did Precedents The Good: Pinckney’s Treaty Judiciary Act of 1789 The Divisive: Proclamation of Neutrality Jay’s Treaty

The Next Election Two main candidates: The winner John Adams Thomas Jefferson The winner The problems he faced….

Adams’ biggest problem WHY???

XYZ Affair

Major Divide!!!!! The Reaction at Home… Federalist: Democratic-Republicans Their trade was really hurt Many wanted war Already Pro-British Felt we “had it coming” Pointed to Jay’s Treaty and the Proclamation of Neutrality Did NOT want war Major Divide!!!!!

John Adams Responses Really feared Civil War Wanted to stop the internal arguing Allows the Alien and Sedition Laws to pass

Democratic Republican Response The Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions

The Election of 1800 Nicknamed the “Revolution of 1800” Three main contenders: Adams Jefferson Burr Jefferson wins after an initial tie First time power shifted from one party to another in the executive branch- proves the Constitution works!

What would Jefferson do? What people thought: What actually happened: Less power for the national government Less money spent on the military Pro-French Less taxation Strict Interpretation of the Constitution Marbury vs. Madison (Jefferson used a lot of power!) Louisiana Purchase (Jefferson used loose interpretation) Embargo Act (wasn’t willing to risk war and ruined the American economy)

Marbury vs. Madison

Louisiana Purchase

Lewis and Clark

Effects of the Louisiana Purchase America more than doubles in size AMAZING farmland! America begins to move west! Manifest Destiny begins!

Chesapeake Incident

Embargo Act

Effects of the Embargo Act Average American income falls by 50% Ruins Jefferson’s image as president- takes years to come back! Forces America to develop their own industries- so in the long run, it really helps us!

Review of Jefferson so far… Democratic Republican ideas Marbury v. Madison Louisiana Purchase 1st term = overwhelming success

Chesapeake Incident

Embargo Act

Effects of the Embargo Act Average American income falls by 50% Ruins Jefferson’s image as president- takes years to come back! Forces America to develop their own industries- so in the long run, it really helps us!

James Madison Becomes President Problems he has: Increasing Native American tensions Americans want revenge after the Cheasapeake Incident that they didn’t get with the Embargo Act Political Division

Calls for War YES!!! NO!!!

Causes of the war Native American Stuff Treaty of Greenville William Henry Harrison Tecumseh Battle of Tippecanoe Attacks American jingoism

Causes of the war With the British Native Americans Chesapeake Incident Jay’s Treaty Expired Impressment resumed Needing to truly prove we are INDEPENDENT!

Causes of the war Other Stuff: Growth of the War Hawks Henry Clay John C. Calhoun Trade barriers due to the Napoleonic Wars

War Breaks Out- Big Events! Invasion into Canada Battle of Thames Burning of Washington D.C. Battle of Fort McHenry Hartford Convention Treaty of Ghent Battle of New Orleans

Key People James Madison Andrew Jackson Oliver Perry Tecumseh

Short Term Effects What is a short term effect? No one wins Cease fire Land, money, etc.

Long Term Effects Better relationships with England Westward Expansion Rush-Bagot Agreement British American Convention Really independent Westward Expansion Growth of Nationalism