The Human Genome Project

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Presentation transcript:

The Human Genome Project

How much DNA is in one cell? Human genome = 46 chromosomes about 3 billion base pairs one base pair is 0.00000000034 meters DNA sequence in any two people is 99.9% identical – only 0.1% is unique!

The Human Genome Project An international effort to decipher the DNA blueprint of a human being

Human Genome Project Goals: To sequence and determine the exact order of the nucleotides (A,C,T,G) for ALL of the DNA in a human cell To determine which sections of DNA represent the individual genes To store this information in databases for analysis

Publishing the human genome

Cloning

What is Cloning? versus Twins Clones Cloning is the creation of an organism that is the EXACT genetic copy of the mother Identical twins are natural clones, they share 100% of their DNA versus Twins Clones

How do you clone an organism? Remove the nucleus from an egg cell and a regular cell from a donor. Fuse the enucleated cell with a regular cell (that still has its nucleus) by electric shock The new fused cell begins dividing, just as a fertilized egg would. The embryo is placed in the uterus of a surrogate mother and allowed to develop normally. The surrogate mother gives birth to a genetic clone of the original egg cell donor donor!

Premature aging