The Age of Jackson

1824 37 99 41 84 43% 31% Popular Vote Electoral Vote 13% HOUSE VOTE (356,038 Votes) 37 99 41 84 Electoral Vote View Electoral Vote View Popular Vote HOUSE VOTE 1820 1824 1828 1832 1836 1840

Corrupt Bargain Political agreement determined by congressional or presidential action In the 1824 election, no outright majority was attained and the process required resolution in the House of Reps Speaker = Henry Clay – gave his support to John Quincy Adams in exchange for being selected his Secretary of State This controversy caused Adams to serve only one-term

1828 83 178 Popular Vote 56% 44% Electoral Vote 1820 1824 1828 1832 (1,155,350 Votes) 56% 44% 83 178 Electoral Vote View Electoral Vote View Popular Vote 1820 1824 1828 1832 1836 1840

Universal [White Male] Suffrage Jacksonian Democracy Belief in the Common Man Universal [White Male] Suffrage Popular Campaigning

A Man of the People Jackson campaigned as a man of the people standing against “corrupt bargainers” like Adams.

The Inauguration: Jacksonian Democracy in Action

The Second Two Party System 1 1790-1816 Federalists Republicans 1816-1824 “Republicans” 1828-1852 2 National Republicans “Whigs” Democratic Republicans “Democrats”

Attitude toward the “Common Man” Internal Improvements WHIGS The 2nd Party System DEMOCRATS Leaders Federalism Attitude toward the “Common Man” Moral Reform? Constitution Economy Sectional Support National Bank Internal Improvements Protective Tariff Henry Clay Andrew Jackson Nationalistic States’ Rights Elitist Democratic YES NO Loose STRICT Gov. Involvement OK Laissez-faire Northeast South / West AMERICAN SYSTEM YES NO YES NO YES NO

“To the victor belong the spoils…” The Spoils System “To the victor belong the spoils…” Political Patronage Government offices given to political supporters

Indian Removal Trail of Tears Cherokee Tribe

http://www.history.com/topics/native-american-history/trail-of-tears

A “Hydra of Corruption” Jackson vs. the Bank Second Bank of the United States Chartered 1816-1836 A “Hydra of Corruption” “Pet Banks”

The Tariff of 1828 Highest tariff rates ever passed by Congress The “Tariff of Abominations” Highest tariff rates ever passed by Congress PROTECTIVE In excess of $$$ necessary to finance the government

Three Major Industries: Commerce Agriculture Manufacturing Which industry benefits from a protective tariff?

The Tariff of 1828 + - The “Tariff of Abominations” House Vote on Tariff of 1828 + - New England 16 23 Middle States (Mid-Atlantic) 57 11 West 29 10 South 3 50 Total 105 94 Did the Tariff of 1828 provide for the general welfare?

From Article I, Section 8 “The Congress shall have Power To lay and collect Taxes, Duties [tariffs], Imposts and Excises, to pay the Debts and provide for the common Defense and general Welfare of the United States…” By this standard, was the Tariff of 1828 constitutional?

Nullification John C. Calhoun South Carolina threatened to nullify the Tariff of 1828 Refused to collect the tariff within the state’s borders The South Carolina Exposition [and Protest] John C. Calhoun Vice President

Jackson’s Dilemma States’ Rights Federal Authority

“The Great Compromiser” The Compromise Tariff of 1833 “The Great Compromiser” Henry Clay Lowered protective rates South Carolina accepts Then nullified the Force Bill CRISIS AVERTED For now…

Political Cartoon What does this cartoon say about contemporary opinions of Andrew Jackson?

1836 73 170 Popular Vote 51% 37% Electoral Vote 1820 1824 1828 1832 (1,498,678 Votes) 51% 37% 10% 2% 13 11 26 73 170 Electoral Vote View Popular Vote View Electoral Vote 1820 1824 1828 1832 1836 1840

Martin Van Buren DEMOCRAT Van Buren New York The “Little Magician” Eighth President (1837-1841) Van Buren DEMOCRAT New York The “Little Magician” Panic of 1837 Panic of 1839

1840 73 234 Popular Vote 47% 53% Electoral Vote 1820 1824 1828 1832 (2,411,187 Votes) 47% 53% 73 234 Electoral Vote View Electoral Vote View Popular Vote 1820 1824 1828 1832 1836 1840