Maps Ch. 1 Lesson 1

What is a Map? A map is a flat model of Earth What are some maps you use? -Road maps -Trail maps -Weather maps

Map Views Most maps are drawn in map view Map view – drawn as if you were looking down on an area from above Earth’s surface This can also be called plan view

Map Views Profile view- drawing that shows an object as though you were looking at it from the side

What are the 2 types of map views? Map view (plan view) Profile view

Map Legends Map legend- a key that lists all the symbols used on the map So you can interpret the symbols and what they mean

Map Scales Map scale- the relationship between a distance on the map and the actual distance on the ground

1cm on the map = 1km on Earth Map Scale Example What does the written scale on this map mean? 1cm on the map = 1km on Earth

Map Scale Example The graphic scale Which scale would you use to measure the distance between the rivers along route 192? The graphic scale

Map Scale Example If State Street is 6.1cm long on the map, how long is it on Earth? 6.1km

Longitude Longitude is the distance in degrees east or west of the prime meridian

Longitude The prime meridian and the 180* meridian combine to divide Earth into east and west halves, or hemispheres.

Latitude Latitude is the distance in degrees north or south of the equator Unlike longitude lines of latitude are parallel

Time Zones Time zones were created to make travel, communicating, and doing business easier in all locations A time zone is the area on Earth’s surface between two meridians where people use the same time There are 24 time zones and 24 hours in a day

Time Zones

Time Zones

International Date Line The line of longitude 180* east or west of the prime meridian is called the International Date Line.

International Date Line Because one’s location can’t have 2 different times on the same day, the day changes as you cross the date line. If you cross from east to west, it is the day before If you cross from west to east it is the next day

Map Projections A globe is a sphere like Earth However, maps are flat, so Earth’s features are distorted (changed) So how do we make a flat map into a globe? We make a projection!

There are 2 Map Projections Cylindrical Projections Conical Projections

Cylindrical Projections Like a cylinder around the globe This type of map represents the equator (middle of Earth) well The poles are enlarged and not represented well

Conical Projections This is like wrapping a cone around the globe The conical projection has little distortion near the line of latitude where the cone touches the globe, but is distorted elsewhere0

All Projections Are Distorted All types of projections distort the shapes observed on a sphere. This happens when you transfer a spherical image to a flat map.