Chapter 10 – Land: Public and Private

Who Owns A Tree? – Julia Butterfly Hill Pacific Lumber Co. - selective cutting 1986 - Maxxam Enter Julia Butterfly Hill Tree sit goals: The Question: Is it ok for me to interfere with your private business because I disagree with your practices?

Three Important Land Use Concepts Tragedy of the Commons Externalities Maximum sustainable Yield

The Tragedy of the Commons 1968 – Garret Hardin Tragedy of the commons-

Externalities Externality - a cost or benefit of a good or service that is not included in the purchase price of the product or service. In ecology, the… There are positive and negative externalities

Maximum Sustainable Yield The maximum amount of a renewable resource that can be harvested without compromising the future availability of that resource.

Public Lands National Parks- Managed Resource Protected Areas- Habitat/Species Management Areas- Strict Nature Reserves and Wilderness Areas- Protected Landscapes and Seascapes- National Monuments-

Public Lands in the US Resource conservation ethic:

Rangelands Dry, open grasslands that are primarily used for cattle grazing. Taylor Grazing Act (1943) Permit based grazing

Forests Areas dominated by trees and other woody vegetation. Most were established for logging

Timber Harvest Practices Clear-cutting- Selective cutting- Ecologically sustainable forestry –

Logging, Deforestation, and Reforestation Economy and Ecology clash US forest service is trying to accommodate both

Fire Management prescribed burns- a fire is deliberately set under controlled conditions.

Forests National Parks- established to preserve scenic views and unusual landforms. National wildlife refuges- managed for the purpose of protecting wildlife National wilderness areas- set aside to preserve large tracts of intact ecosystems or landscapes.

Federal Regulations National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA)- environmental assessment in return for federal money or permits. Environmental impact statement (EIS)- outlines the scope and purpose of the project. Environmental mitigation plan- outlines how the developer will address concerns raised by the projects impact on the environment.

Residential Land Suburban – area surrounding city with lower population density than a city Exurban –

Urban Sprawl Urban sprawl- The four main concerns of urban sprawl in the U.S. are: automobiles and highway construction living costs urban blight government policies

Government Policies Highway Trust Fund – gas tax funds the construction of better roads Induced demand – Zoning laws – In effort to make safer neighborhoods

Smart Growth Attempt to create the best of both worlds between the benefits of cities and benefits of suburbs Mixed land uses create a range of housing opportunities and choices create walkable neighborhoods encourage community and stakeholder collaboration in development decisions take advantage of compact building design Foster distinctive, attractive communities with a strong sense of place Preserve open space, farmland, natural beauty and critical environmental areas Provide a variety of transportation choices Strengthen and direct development toward existing communities Make development decisions predictable, fair and cost-effective