Energy Conservation & Safety Presented by :- P.S. Rahangdale Asst.Manager(F&A) MSEDCL

Electricity makes everything GO! Electricity that lights our homes. Electricity is our basic requirement to survive & fulfill our day to day needs. Everything runs on electricity but due to growing demand, rapid growth of cities & change our lifestyles we are having shortage of Electricity. Though have various sources of Electricity there are lot of limitations for generation of Electricity and setting up new power plants require lot of time & investment. It is therefore, very much important for all of us to make use of Electricity in judicious manner.

How Does Electricity Get To My House?

Power Plants This is where it all starts. There are several ways electricity is made: Steam plants that burn fossil fuels, hydroelectric plants that use water, and nuclear plants that split atoms. Each of these ways produces steam that turns a machine called a turbine. The turbine spins a giant magnet inside a coil of wire. Heat energy in the steam changes to mechanical energy. The mechanical energy produced in the turbine is changed to electrical energy in the generator.

Step-up Transformer From the power plant, the electricity flows through the wires to a step-up transformer. The transformer raises the pressure of the electricity so it can travel long distances. Voltage is raised up as high as 765,000 volts.

Transmission Lines From the transformer, the current then travels through wires to the transmission lines. These high voltage lines can carry large amounts of electricity over long distances.

Substation Transformer From the transmission lines the current now goes to a substation transformer. A substation lowers the pressure between 2,000 and 13,000 volts so the electricity can be used by the community.

Distribution Lines From the substation the electricity is now ready to be distributed into the community. The current travels from the substation to distribution lines. These lines are sometimes above ground or below ground.

Distribution Transformer From the distribution lines the electricity now travels to a Distribution Transformer. This type of transformer lowers the pressure once again to 240 volts for use in your home.

Service Box From the transformer pole or box, the electricity is now ready to travel to your home into a service box. That's where your electric meter is. You're now ready to flick a switch to turn on the lights, or plug in the radio.

Let's Save Energy!

Why we should save energy We use energy everyday at home, at school, at work, and even when you're playing. By saving energy you're helping to save the world's energy resources like gas, oil and water and you're also saving money on your utility bills. Best of all, by using energy wisely we can cut down on pollutants in the air and water, making a better environment for everyone.

Why We Should Save Energy Think about what would happen if there wasn't enough energy . . . there would be no light to turn on when it got dark . . . there would not be any hot water for the shower or heat for your house in the winter . . . no gas or oil to drive the car . . . so there are lots of reasons we should save energy.

Lighting Turn off the lights when not in use Take advantage of daylight by using light-colored, loose-weave curtains on your windows to allow daylight to penetrate the room, use with lighter colors on wall that reflect daylight. De-dust lighting fixtures to maintain illumination. Compact Fluorescent Bulbs (CFL) are four times more energy efficient than incandescent bulbs and provide the same for lighting. Use electronic chokes in place of conventional copper chokes.

Fans & Electric Iron Replace conventional regulators with electronic regulators for ceiling fans. Install exhaust fans at a higher elevation than ceiling fans. Select iron boxes with automatic temperature cutoff. Use appropriate regulator position for ironing. Do not put more water on clothes while ironing. Do not iron wet clothes.

Kitchen Appliances Ø Mixers Avoid dry grinding in your food processors ( mixers and grinders) as it takes longer time than liquid grinding. Ø Microwaves ovens Consumes 50 % less energy than conventional electric / gas stoves. Do not bake large food items. Don't open the oven door too often to check food condition as each opening leads to a temperature drop of 25°C. Ø Electric stove Turn off electric stoves several minutes before the specified cooking time. Use flat-bottomed pans that make full contact with the cooking coil.

Gas stove When cooking on a gas burner, use moderate flame settings to conserve LPG. Remember that a blue flame means your gas stove is operating efficiently. Yellowish flame is an indicator that the burner needs cleaning. Use pressure cookers as much as possible. Use lids to cover the pans while cooking. Bring items taken out of refrigerators (like vegetables, milk etc) to room temperature before placing on the gas stove for heating. Ø Use Solar Water Heater – a good replacement for a electric water heater.

Electronic Devices Do not switch on the power when TV and Audio Systems are not in use. Idle operation leads to an energy loss of 10 watts /device.

Computers Turn off your home office equipment when not in use. A computer that runs 24 hours a day, for instance, uses - more power than an energy-efficient refrigerator. If your computer must be left on, turn off the monitor; this device alone uses more than half the system's energy. Setting computers, monitors, and copiers to use sleep-mode when not in use helps cut energy costs by approximately 40%. Battery chargers, such as those for laptops, cell phones and digital cameras, draw power whenever they are plugged in and are very inefficient. Pull the plug and save. Screen savers save computer screens, not energy. Start-ups and shutdowns do not use any extra energy, nor are they hard on your computer components. In fact, shutting computers down when you are finished using them actually reduces system wear – and saves energy.                

Refrigerator Regularly defrost manual-defrost refrigerators and freezers; frost buildup increases the amount of energy needed to keep the motor running. Leave enough space between your refrigerator and the walls so that air can easily circulate around the refrigerator. Don't keep your refrigerator or freezer too cold. Make sure your refrigerator door seals are airtight.

Refrigerator Cover liquids and wrap foods stored in the refrigerator. Uncovered foods release moisture and make the compressor work harder. Do not open the doors of the refrigerators frequently. Don't leave the fridge door open for longer than necessary, as cold air will escape. Use smaller cabinets for storing frequently used items. Avoid putting hot or warm food straight into the fridge.

Washing machines Ø Always wash only with full loads. Ø Use optimal quantity of water. Ø Use timer facility to save energy. Ø Use the correct amount of detergent. Ø Use hot water only for very dirty clothes. Ø Always use cold water in the rinse cycle. Ø Prefer natural drying over electric dryers.

Air Conditioners Prefer air conditioners having automatic temperature cut off. Keep regulators at “low cool” position. Operate the ceiling fan in conjunction with your window air conditioner to spread the cooled air more effectively throughout the room and operate the air conditioner at higher temperature. Seal the doors and windows properly. Leave enough space between your air conditioner and the walls to allow better air circulation. A roof garden can reduce the load on Air Conditioner Use windows with sun films/curtains.

Safety at Home We use electricity safely every day in our homes, when turning on the TV or radio, switching on a light, or playing video games. When you switch on a machine you complete the circuit. Electricity flows through the power cord to the machine, then back through the cord to the outlet and out to the wires and into the grid again. Remember, electricity will not leave the circuit unless it can find an easier path to the ground. So when you touch a circuit and the ground at the same time, YOU become the easiest path and you get shocked!

Remember when using electricity at home Never use a radio, TV or hair dryer when you are using the sink or are in the bathtub or shower and don't touch anything that's electric when your hands are wet. If you're standing on a wet floor, never touch a switch or plug anything in.

Remember when using electricity at home Never stick foreign objects or fingers in an outlet or socket or objects like a fork in a toaster that's plugged in. Make sure to use the proper extension cords. Overloading can cause the insulation on the cord to overheat, melt and expose live wires. Live wires can spark and cause a fire. Make sure you are using an approved outdoor electrical cord or extension cord.

Play it Safe Outdoors Being safe around electricity outdoors is being smart. From power lines to power mowers, even a small amount of electricity can hurt you. Remember, electricity is always looking for the easiest path to the ground. The ground is the earth or something touching the earth like a ladder. When we see birds sitting on a power line, they don't get shocked because they are not touching the ground at the same time.

Important Rules for Playing Safe Outdoors Never play near substations, transmission and power lines, or climb trees near these lines. Smart boaters and airplane pilots also steer clear of transmission and power lines - so should you. Make sure you never use a ladder or place a TV antenna or satellite dish near power lines.

Important Rules for Playing Safe Outdoors If you see a power line that has fallen, STAY AWAY! Call the police and the power company right away. If a power line has fallen on or near your car, stay in the car until help arrives. Tell others that may want to help to stay away and call for help. If you must leave the car because of fire or any other danger, you must JUMP as far as you can with both feet together. Electricity can travel through the ground from the line. The voltage becomes less the farther you are away, so if your one foot were in a higher voltage zone than the other, you could become a conductor for electricity. That's why you should shuffle or roll away. Don't ever touch the ground and the car at the same time. That would make you the path to the ground and you will get hurt.

Important Rules for Playing Safe Outdoors Don't fly kites near power lines or in bad weather. Electricity or lightning could travel right down the string to you to get to the ground. Never use wire, or any metal object on your kite - they conduct electricity. Don't stay in a swimming pool or lake, or around trees and poles in bad weather. You could get struck by lightning. Always keep radios and other electrical appliances at least 10 feet away from a swimming area. If water splashes on them, they can conduct electricity through the water. Don't touch or go near these appliances when you are wet or standing in water.

Important Rules for Playing Safe Outdoors Never touch electrical machinery like a vending machine, if you're standing in a puddle of water or in the rain. Never touch electric wire or switches, if they are wet. Don't fool with meters or other electrical equipment around buildings. Always stay clear of anything that says "HIGH VOLTAGE.“ Remember these safety rules and you can "play it safe" outdoors.

Fun Facts & Electric Friend Did you know there are over 500 kinds of fish that produce some electricity? Let's check out the Electric Eel . . .

Electric Eels Electric eels work like a battery and can discharge from 350 to 650 volts of electricity. The head Electric eels work like a battery and can discharge from 350 to 650 volts of electricity. The head acts as the positive pole and the tail is the negative pole of the battery. When it is moving it can emit electric impulses up to 25 per second. A 20-foot eel can produce enough electrical current to light 12 household light bulbs. Electric eels are mainly found in the Amazons. These guys can be dangerous and would not make a good pet.

Jellyfish These jellyfish are also bioluminescent. Most creatures emit a blue light as blue can be projected farther than any other color so that's what mother nature gave them. Deep in the ocean it's pretty dark and these creatures can emit light for navigation, mating, communication, self-defense and hunting for prey.

lightning bug Other creatures like the lightning bug or firefly emit a light. It's not electricity but a chemical reaction called "bioluminescence." Light sticks are one example of chemical light. Although the chemicals are different than the chemicals made by bioluminescent creatures, the way they work is the same. These creatures produce two chemicals called luciferin and luciferase (an enzyme). When these chemicals react together they emit a "cold light." The click beetle can project enough light to read by.

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