Prevention and Early Diagnosis of Cancer Ongar Health Centre Patient Forum 7th March 2018 Sue White Cancer Research UK Facilitator

Quiz What is the main risk factor for cancer? A: Smoking B: Being older C: Family history D: Drinking alcohol E: Using deodorants

We have clear aims for early diagnosis At the moment: 50% of cancer patients survive for 10 years By 2034 we want to see this increase to 75% Diagnosing people earlier will help achieve this Aim to have 3 in 4 people diagnosed at stage I and II by 2034

Cancer Statistics for the UK http://www.cancerresearchuk.org/health-professional/cancer-statistics

What is Screening? It targets a specific population or group of people It is like a filter Most people are unlikely to have the condition and will pass through the filter (screening test) People whose results suggest they are more likely to have it are caught in the filter - they need further tests to determine if they really do have the condition

Why is screening important? Screening reduces mortality It can detect cancer at an early stage 88% of cancers detected through screening are at an early stage (stage I and II)

Breast screening: mammography For women aged between 50 and 70 years, who are registered with a GP Test is a mammogram – 2 x-rays of each breast Carried out at special clinics or mobile breast screening units Self-referral over 70

Breast Screening Ongar Health Centre 73.8% National Target Over 70% http://fingertips.phe.org.uk/profile/cancerservices

Cervical screening aims to prevent cancer It is NOT a test to find cancer. It is a test to detect changes to the cells of the cervix that may develop into cancer in the future Women from 25-64, who are registered with a GP are eligible for cervical screening. Women aged 25-49 are invited every 3 years. After that, women are invited every 5 years until the age of 64

Cervical Screening Ongar Health Centre 78.5% National Target Over 80% http://fingertips.phe.org.uk/profile/cancerservices

Bowel Screening

Bowel Cancer Screening Men and women aged between 60-74 are invited every 2 years. Must be registered with a GP practice to receive invitation Anyone over 74 can request a kit by calling 0800 707 6060 Screening kit completed at home and sent to the hub The screening hub analyses the kit The test detects tiny amounts of blood in the sample of poo, which can’t be seen by the eye The test does not diagnose bowel cancer

Bowel Screening Ongar Health Centre 60.8% National Target Over 60% http://fingertips.phe.org.uk/profile/cancerservices

Cancer screening programmes Cervical screening Women aged 25 to 64 in England Every 3 years up to age 49, then every 5 years Bowel screening Men and women aged 60 to 74 invites up to 75 Every 2 years. Men and women over 74 can request screening Kit received in post, 6 stool samples needed Contact number for patients to request a kit 0800 707 6060 Breast screening Women aged 50 to 70 Every 3 years Women over 70 can request screening West Essex Breast Screening Service 01279 827046

Prostate Cancer Overall the evidence shows that offering PSA screening to men does not save any lives from prostate cancer PSA testing can also cause harms: Over diagnosis of cancers which would not have caused any harm Overtreatment of cancers Side effects from unnecessary treatment

Barriers to Screening Inconvenient appointment time No time/busy Didn’t get an invitation letter Cultural issues Barriers to Screening Fear of pain Don’t understand the test Not sure who to call to rearrange appointment Think they are low risk Worried about finding cancer Embarrassment

Key points Diagnosing cancer earlier will give more patients the option of potentially curative treatments and an improved experience Screening reduces the number of people dying from cancer and in some cases, can prevent cancer from developing Lifestyle changes can really make a difference, and not just for cancer

Thank you! Sue White 07979915472 sue.white@cancer.org.uk cruk.org/facilitators