13.3: The Holocaust The systematic murder of 11 million people across Europe, more than half of whom were Jews

http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/media_nm.php?MediaId=3372

A. German Forces German army Schutzstaffel: started as Hitler’s bodyguards. Lead by Henrich Himmler Gestapo: the Secret State police German army

Gestapo controlled concentration camps; <half of those who died here are shown

B. Why the Jews? Easy target Nuremberg Laws implemented in 1935, which stripped Jews of their _____ rights and property if they tried to leave Germany Kristallnacht: crystal night (1938) a. German ambassador to France killed by a German Jew b. Nazi troops destroyed Jewish __ & ___ c. >200 killed in one night

C. Where can the Jews go? (1933) Refugee problem… Quotas on immigrants National Origins Act of 1929; limited immigration to 150,000 in U.S. U.S., depression, refugees… How are these connected?

D. The Final Solution: Genocide The condemned: Jews and any other seen as _______, i.e a. Political opponents – communists, socialist b. Religious groups c. Homosexuals d. Disabled; mentally, physically 2. Method Shot in cold blood starved ghettos sent to labor/concentration camps Used for medical experiments

Holocaust Victims 1939-1945

E. Concentration Camps 1. Camps in Poland Medical experiments “showers”; 6,000 a day Discarding of bodies problematic = Crematoriums

To the right, slave labor To the left, gas chamber

F. Death Marches