WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT IN TURKEY İrem UYSAL 21425226 Gökçen SARAÇ 21425121

WHAT IS THE WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT? Development and implementation of systems for the monitoring, treatment and liquidation of waste water to protect human health and the environment.

Water and Wastewater Treatment Technologies Pollution of water resources, climate change, increasing water demand due to population increase, limited water resources have gradually increased pressure on receiving water media, causing treatment of wastewater and water reuse to gain importance. In recent years, water and nutrition content of wastewaters and thus their reuse and even as a potential energy source have gained priority. Wastewaters are no longer “waste” to be disposed of. In parallel to these developments research in environmental biotechnology and advanced treatment Technologies have gained momentum. Within this framework, water and wastewater treatment Technologies group continues its studies in applied research.

Areas of Work Advanced treatment Technologies Insitu treatment and natural treatment Technologies Wastewater reuse Climate change – water interaction Environmental biotechnology Energy from wastewater

Presentation Content Water Resources Potential in Turkey Current Situation in Turkey Development Process in Wastewater Treatment Innovative Approaches to Wastewater Management Domestic / Industrial Wastewater Treatment and Recovery Applications

Turkey's Water Resources Potential

Water Consumption

Water Supply and Water Consumption Total Available Water Reserves: 112 Billion m3 Turkey Population:> 76 Million Water Usable Per Person: <1,500 m3 / year These values show that Turkey is in the category of "water stress" countries.

Therefore ; Careful handling of water, Prevention of excessive water use, The use of less water-consuming technologies in irrigation and daily life, are important.

In Wastewater Management; Identifying policies and principles, Legislative development, Planning and project approval, Permission, monitoring, control and sanction, Appropriate technology identification, Cooperation and coordination are needed.

Wastewater Treatment Facilities Energy Initiative About 50% of the energy costs of wastewater treatment plants are covered by the Ministry of Environment and Urban Planning. Within this scope, 22.8 Million TL was paid in 2011, 26.6 Million TL in 2012 and 30.2 Million TL in 2013.

WASTEWATER POLICY To protect water supplies; The Ministry is obliged to carry out and approve projects for environmental protection. It is particularly responsible for the determination of the technology of the Ministry's wastewater treatment plants and their application.

CURRENT SITUATION IN TURKEY

Wastewater Infrastructure Status

As a result of the work carried out by the Ministry, the number of domestic-urban wastewater treatment plants that serve settlements has been increased from 145 in 2002 to 563 in 2014.

WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT TYPES

Wastewater Treatment Process in Turkey

DEVELOPMENTS FOR WASTEWATER TREATMENT IN TURKEY - 1988

DEVELOPMENTS FOR WASTEWATER TREATMENT IN TURKEY - 1996

DEVELOPMENTS FOR WASTEWATER TREATMENT IN TURKEY - 2006

INNOVATIVE APPROACHES IN WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT

Protecting human and environmental health at the source of wastewater pollution prevention is important.   Basic policy in reducing water pollution is; "Minimum wastewater discharge methods" and "prevention of pollution at source".

Therefore; Reducing water use Reducing water loss Increasing the receiving environment water quality Health and social problems caused by inappropriate water quality solution of problems Reuse the treated wastewater, it is important.

THE PLACE OF REUSE IN WASTEWATER POLICIY Increasing population and accordingly increased water and water quality requirements  Emerging industry Rising natural water resources prices  Emerging recovery technologies  Reuse of wastewater Both the environment and resources economic use making it attractive.

Why Reuse? Restricted natural water resources allocated for purposes that require qualified water to be able.  Avoid problems of environmental pollution caused by wastewater discharges . Due to the increase in urban population share , condensation of water needs at certain centers . If domestic wastewaters are considered to contain 99.9% pure water, it is better understood that waste water is also considered as a water source.

USES OF TREATED WASTEWATER Agricultural Industrial Feeding of groundwater Areas used for recreation purposes nutrition Indirectly fire water Recycling in toilets Recycling as direct drinking water

AGRICULTURAL WATERING

INDUSTRIAL USE Recycling in the process with or without any treatment Combining all waste to final treatment and recovery Purification of domestic wastewater and reuse in industry (industries that use a lot of water) 

Underground Water Supply

Wastewater Recovery Technologies The technology requirement for recycling wastewater is related to the intended use of the water to be recovered. If urban wastewater is to be used in agricultural or green area watering, good disinfected biological treatment output is required. In the case of direct or indirect recovery, further purification alternatives such as membrane technologies, activated carbon and advanced oxidation are required.  

Domestic Wastewater Treatment and Recycling Applications

In the Ege – Akdeniz region where tourism construction and investments are concentrated in our country; The effluent of the treatment plants is used in the water. It is assessed for the garden and park watering. It is used for agricultural purposes by accumulating in stabilization pools.

AN EXAMPLE: REUSE OF DOMESTIC WASTEWATER FOR IRRIGATIONAL PURPOSES BELEK REGION There are regional wastewater treatment plants in Belek, Antalya, serving group of hotels. Reclaimed wastewater is being used for irrigation of the golf courses. The capacity of the treatment plant is about 10.000 people.

AN EXAMPLE: REUSE OF DOMESTIC WASTEWATER FOR IRRIGATIONAL PURPOSES -KONYA Konya Municipality Wastewater Treatment Plant has been designed for carbon and partial N removal with a projection of 2015. It has been designed with a 1.000.000 population equivalent and 200.000 m 3/day of flowrate. After open flow channel disinfection process of treated wastewater, it is planned to be used for irrigation. 400 m 3/day of this treated amount is thought to be used in the median strips of the plant for irrigation. 1000 m 3/day of pilot study - Purple network for reused water to irrigate green areas.

AN EXAMPLE: REUSEOF DOMESTIC WASTEWATER FORINDUSTRIALPURPOSES-ISTANBUL-PASAKOY Q= 100,000 m3/day Advanced Wastewater Treatment Plant (N ve P Removal) After final sedimentation tank, treated wastewater is first filtered by sand filters and then it goes through UV disinfection. UV disinfected effluent is used for industrial process water (Tannery industries located in Tuzla)and irrigation purposes.

MBR APPLICATION: REUSE OF DOMESTIC WASTEWATER FOR IRRIGATIONAL PURPOSES MUĞLA –KONACIK KONACIK Municipality in Bodrum Domestic Wastewater Treatment Plant is one of the first membrane application in Turkey in domestic wastewater treatment Recovered water is used for irrigation purposes, and for car washes. Q=1500 m3/day

Industrial Wastewater Treatment and Recycling Applications

Use of Industrial Wastewater Significant increase in water pollution due to industrial waste water. The increase in the water base prices. The use of treated wastewater as process water in industry. If the quality of water is not sufficient, recycling of waste water for water supply may be more economical than water treatment. The goal of good water quality in the basin. Reuse of industrial wastewater is important because of these reasons.

REFERENCES http://www.csb.gov.tr/db/tay/webmenu/webmenu13378.pdf https://nenedir.com.tr/atik-su-yonetimi-wastewater-management-nedir/ http://ctue.mam.tubitak.gov.tr/en/research_areas/water-and-wastewater-treatment-technologies http://www.sesric.org/imgs/news/image/649-presentation-7.pdf