Judaism Day 1

AIM/ DO NOW AIM: To what extent was monotheism revolutionary? SWBT: 1) Identify principles of monotheism 2) Explain why it represented a break with past religious ideas Do Now: Write 3 sentences - what is the appeal of polytheism?

Do Now: appeal of polytheism gods and goddesses for every interest and every thing If you had a specific problem there was a specific god to address Many of these gods had humanistic characteristics explain natural phenomena number of gods would expand as the culture's belief system developed. – Think Hinduism It allowed pharaohs/emperors to be considered gods themselves. Most religions today are still

Judaism emerges Monotheism – the belief in a SINGLE god as the creator and ruler of the universe. 1) God is not local. You can worship Him wherever you are. 2) One god covers everything – all can be explained by referring to his powers. 3) God is not a person or a physical presence.

Where it all began Look at the where Judaism began and infer, why this would be a crossroads for the ancient civilizations?

Promised Land Abraham 1) Questioned the faith of the people around “Go from your country and your kindred and your father’s house to the land that I will show you. I will make of you a great nation, and I will bless you, and make your name great.” Genesis 12:1-2 Abraham 1) Questioned the faith of the people around 2) Would become the father of the Hebrew people 3) Left Ur (Mesopotamia) to go to Canaan

Abraham Abram questioned the faith of his father and those around him, the god that Abram was searching for finally spoke to him. God made Abram an offer: Leave your home and family and I will make you and your family great and mighty. God told Abram that He (God) would bless and protect the family and descendants of Abram. Abram vowed (pledged) that he and his descendants would worship no other god and maintain a special, unbreakable faith in God. What is this unbreakable faith in God called?

The covenant COVENANT - is a solemn agreement 1) God will give people THE LAWS (“Torah”) 2) The people must keep the law and worship God.

Psalm 23rd Read and answer the questions below – mid assessment

Reading on Abraham What did a young Abraham destroy and why? There were 10 tests what was the first test? Who is the ancestor of the Arabs? What religions will also trace their heritage back to these stories? Who was the ancestor of the Jewish people?

Isaac Isaac was the subject of the tenth and most difficult test of Abraham's faith: G-d commanded Abraham to sacrifice Isaac as a burnt offering. But this test is also an extraordinary demonstration of Isaac's own faith, because according to Jewish tradition, Isaac knew that he was to be sacrificed, yet he did not resist, and was united with his father in dedication. At the last moment, God sent an angel to stop the sacrifice. It is interesting to note that child sacrifice was a common practice in the region at the time. Thus, to people of the time, the surprising thing about this story is not the fact that God asked Abraham to sacrifice his child, but that G-d stopped him! Judaism uses this story as evidence that God abhors human sacrifice.

AIM/DO NOW AIM: How did the 3 kings of the kingdom of Israel strengthen Judaism? Do Now: Why did the Hebrews migrate to Egypt? (Think back to common problems in Ancient Civilizations) Answer: Drought/Threat of famine (scarcity of food)

Moses and the Exodus Can anyone in class tell the story of “let my people go”

Moses Was born in Egypt at a time when the Pharaoh had ordered that all Hebrew male babies to be killed. Moses was hidden in the reads by his mother and then found and adopted by an Egyptian princess. He leaves Egypt after killing an Egyptian who was beating a Hebrew slave. He lives in the dessert until God tells him to save his people and tell them there is only one god. After placing plagues on the Egyptians including death of the first son, the Pharaoh finally allows them to leave and Moses takes them to Mt. Sinai. He brings the Hebrews the 10 commandments and they agree to follow the NEW covenant.

Passover

Torah Torah 1) contains basic laws of Judaism 2) Recounts origins of humanity and Judaism 3) Old Testament (Christianity)

1) Do the first 4 concern themselves with relationship to god 1) Do the first 4 concern themselves with relationship to god? 2) What do the last 6 have in common that distinguishes them from the first 4?

With a partner compare the laws of Hammurabi to Judaism. Very similar in both preach eye for an eye Judaism talks more about God’s mercy Separate roles for men and women

The kingdoms One Hebrew tribe remained named Judah, so the Hebrews began to be known as JEWS and their religion was named JUDIASM. The Hebrew united under 3 Kings: Saul, Davis, and Solomon. The new kingdom was named Israel.

The Kings 1) Saul – Drove out enemies 2) David –made Jerusalem the capital, united the tribes and founded a dynasty 3) Solomon – Set up a trading empire, and built a great temple. The temple was very expensive built with Gold, Silver, and Gems and men were forced to work on it. The ark of the covenant (holds the 10 commandments given to Moses) was put inside. After Solomon’s death this caused a revolt and the kingdom split. Israel in the North and Judah in the South.

Solomon’s Temple

The Babylonian Captivity Assyrians took over Israel in 722 BC The southern kingdom resisted, but was destroyed 150 years later by the Babylonians who took over the city and destroyed Solomon’s temple. 586 BC The Jews were forced to leave (exiled) prophet Ezekiel urged his people to keep their religion alive in a foreign land. 539 B.C., the Persian king Cyrus the Great conquered Babylon. The next year, Cyrus allowed some 40,000 exiles to return to Jerusalem to rebuild the temple. Work on the second temple was completed in 515 B.C. The walls of Jerusalem were rebuilt in 445 B.C.

Exile once again

The Temple 1) What does the fact that the Temple was rebuilt before the walls of Jerusalem tell us about the Jews during Babylonian captivity? 2) Do these expensive temples remind you of other ancient civilizations? Other empires dominated the region. 1)the Persians 2)then the Greeks, 3)and then the Romans These new empires would take control both of ancient Palestine and the destiny of the Jewish people.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m6dCxo7t_aE&t=143s

Final assessment Exit ticket How did not having a homeland decrease the importance of the temple and increase the value of scripture?