Robert Grant Senior Research Fellow St George’s, University of London

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Presentation transcript:

Producing animated graphs from Stata without having to learn any other software Robert Grant Senior Research Fellow St George’s, University of London & Kingston University

The objective I have seen some cool graphs made into videos like Hans Rosling’s 200 Countries and I thought “I want to do that!” Stata Users’ Group London 2012 www.animatedgraphs.co.uk

The objective I analyse data all day long I am (if I say so myself) pretty good using stats software but I know nothing about video software and in fact I don't have the time/money/energy to learn Stata Users’ Group London 2012 www.animatedgraphs.co.uk

The objective I analyse data all day long I am (if I say so myself) pretty good using stats software but I know nothing about video software and in fact I don't have the time/money/energy to learn I want to make animations from inside Stata I want the process to be simple but totally flexible so I am not restricted in the look of my animations and the effects I can build into them. Stata Users’ Group London 2012 www.animatedgraphs.co.uk

Stop frame animation Movies are made up of a series of still images If you can control the images, you can make anything happen You already know how to control Stata graphs Stata Users’ Group London 2012 www.animatedgraphs.co.uk

Stop frame animation For Ray Harryhausen or Nick Park and their talented animators, this was (and still is) very hard work But you have Stata programming at your disposal to make lots of images quickly Stata Users’ Group London 2012 www.animatedgraphs.co.uk

The basic do-file Set up macros with the graph options Loop over the number of frames Advance / interpolate the data one step Draw the graph Export the graph Use -winexec- to call the free open source software FFMPEG and make the images into a video file FFMPEG runs “behind the scenes” (no GUI) Stata Users’ Group London 2012 www.animatedgraphs.co.uk

Example 1: Line filling from left to right Stata Users’ Group London 2012 www.animatedgraphs.co.uk

Example 1: Line filling from left to right Stata Users’ Group London 2012 www.animatedgraphs.co.uk

Example 2: Line scrolling from left to right Stata Users’ Group London 2012 www.animatedgraphs.co.uk

Example 3: Interpolated scatterplot Stata Users’ Group London 2012 www.animatedgraphs.co.uk

Example 4: Trails made with phantom data Stata Users’ Group London 2012 www.animatedgraphs.co.uk

Use or abuse? It is possible to draw the eye to one aspect of the animation through your aesthetic choices “My voice is a powerful gift. It can be used for good or it can be used for evil.” - Barry White Some points might move faster than others; should data start and stop moving together? Be careful to control axes so they don’t creep Colour, light, emphasis, sound Stata Users’ Group London 2012 www.animatedgraphs.co.uk

Example 5: Hans recreated Stata Users’ Group London 2012 www.animatedgraphs.co.uk

Stata strengths and weaknesses The ease and flexibility of macros Having a direct link to the operating system Powerful graphics Having to display each graph slows it down Having to split into multiple -graph twoway- commands to change size and colour Stata Users’ Group London 2012 www.animatedgraphs.co.uk

www.animatedgraphs.co.uk All these examples, and some more All the do-files Tips on achieving particular aesthetics User contributions Expanding into R, SPSS, and maybe Excel VBA Consultancy: I can do bespoke graphs but would rather teach you how to catch the fish Stata Users’ Group London 2012 www.animatedgraphs.co.uk