Macromolecules and Properties of Water

Bell Ringer 5 MIN. What kind of molecule is DNA? What organelle in the cell makes proteins? Throw Back: Name one difference between a prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell.

Agenda Bell Ringer (5) Jesus Lizard Video (5) Notebook Input (20) Kahoot (20) Independent Practice (20) Exit Ticket (10)

Introduction: The Jesus Lizard https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=45yabrnryXk What makes the lizard able to run on water???

What are we learning today? Today we’re going down to the smallest level in biology—atoms and molecules! Four macromolecules Carbohydrates Proteins Lipids Nucleic Acids Properties of Water

Notebook Input Today, write down everything that is underlined Title your notes, Macromolecules and Water

Part A. Vocabulary Macromolecules are polymers (poly=many) made up of monomers (mono=one) Atoms that make up macromolecules: C=carbon H=hydrogen O=oxygen N=nitrogen P=phosphorus S=sulfur

Part A. The Four Macromolecules Structure Function Other Characteristics Example Carbohydrates C, H, O Short term energy Monomer= monosaccharide Polymer= polysaccharide Bread, pasta, starches Lipids Long term energy Insoluble in water (does not dissolve) wax, oil, butter, cholesterol Proteins C, H, O, N, S, made up of amino acids Speed up chemical reactions (enzymes), Also called polypeptides muscle, meat Nucleic Acids C, H, O, N, P, S Stores genetic information Monomer: nucleotides Polymer: DNA and RNA DNA, RNA

Part B. Properties of Water 1. Ability to moderate temperature 2. Expansion upon freezing (takes up more space when frozen) 3. Versatility as a solvent 4. Cohesive ability (water is “sticky”) Hydrogen bonds between water molecules explains these properties

Part C. Enzymes Enzymes speed up reactions by lowering the activation energy The molecules they affect are called substrates Enzyme-substrate complex is the enzyme together with what it’s affecting Enzymes affected by temperature and pH (acids and bases)

Part C. Properties of Water 1. Ability to moderate temperature Teacher should explain that it takes a long time to heat water up (because the internal bonds (polar molecule) are hard to break) and it also takes a long time to freeze (because it stores heat) which means that it moderates temperature by mostly staying at the same temperature. This is why Miami is the same temp year round!! So, why is Miami the same temperature all year?

2. Expansion upon freezing (takes up more space when frozen)

What can water NOT dissolve??? 3. Versatility as a solvent (it can dissolve many things!) Water dissolves other polar molecules What can water NOT dissolve??? Check for understanding: What can water not dissolve? It can’t dissolve lipids such as oils

4. Cohesive ability (water is “sticky”)

Why is water so cool? Hydrogen bonds between water molecules explains these properties

Check For Understanding: The Jesus Lizard What makes the lizard able to run on water???

Let’s Test Your Knowledge with Kahoot! https://play.kahoot.it/#/k/dcd998d1-9de6-4233-8ebb-23ad0d5d9db2 Students will get into partners to play kahoot

Independent Practice 20 MIN.

Exit Ticket 10 MIN.

Home Learning Answer the following questions: 1. What are 4 biological macromolecules? 2. What property of water allows plants to move water from their roots up to their leaves? 3. Explain how enzymes work. 4. In which organelle in the cell would you find lipids? 5. Explain why proteins are known as polypeptides.