THE SILENT KILLER HYPERTENSION

HYPERTENSION BLOOD pressure that is above normal for sustained period .

Most common health problem In adults and the leading cause of cardiovascular disorder.

Hypertension is the term used to describe high blood pressure Hypertension is the term used to describe high blood pressure. Amedical condition in which constricted arterial blood vessels

increase the resistance to blood flow, causing an increase in blood pressure against vessel walls.

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS Most of the time, there are no symptoms. Asymptomatic. Idiopathic.

Symptoms that may occur include: Confusion Ear noise or buzzing Fatigue Headache

Irregular heartbeat Nosebleed Vision changes Shorthness of breath Decrease energy

ETIOLOGY Hypertension is classified into primary and secondary hypertension. Primary no definite cause.

increase the resistance to blood flow, causing an increase in blood pressure against vessel walls.

Secondary hypertension it usually the result of some other primary diseases leading to hypertension such as renal disease.

Primary hypertension is attributed to atherosclerosis.

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY KIDNEY: release renin into the bloodstream. LIVER: rennin helps convert angiotensin to angiotensin I

LUNGS: angiotensin I is converted to angiotensin II KIDNEY: angiotensine II causes arterial constriction and aldosterone secretion.

ALDOSTERONE : cause sodium and water retention Retained sodium and water increase blod volume.

Arterial constriction increases peripheral vascular resistance. Increased blood volume and vascular resistance cause hypertension.

RISK FACTORS Family history Sedentary lifestyle Obesity Continual stress

Advancing age Cigarette smoking Excessive Alcohol consumption High K intake, ca, and mg

High- fat and calorie diet Stress Use of contraceptive drugs

TREATMENT Diuretics Ex. Hydrochlorothiazide (aldoril, aproside) Furosemide(lasix)

Beta blockers Ex. Atenol(tenormin) Metoprolol (lopressor)

ACE inhibitors and Angiotensin II receptor blockers Ex. Benazepril (lotensin) Quinapril (accupril)

Calcium channel blockers Ex. Captopril (capoten, capozide) Enalapril (vasotec, vaseretic)

Sympathetic Nerve Blocker

Exercise regularly. Reduce stress. Stay at a healthy body weight.

NURSING INTERVENTION DASH type can decrease or lower BP @ 2 weeks. Stay away for the fast food.

If you smoke, quit! Limit how much alcohol you drink -- 1 drink a day for women, 2 a day for men.

Eat a heart-healthy diet, including K and fiber, and drink plenty of water. Limit the amount of Na you eat

If you have diabetes, keep your blood sugar under control. Lose weight if you are overweight. Excess weight adds to strain on the heart. In some.

DIAGNOSE The best way to diagnose hypertension is to check your BP frequently.

That’s all THANK YOU! GODBLESS US ALL