The Civil War North Vs. South

Road to the War Cotton Gin invented by Eli Whitney- 1793 Compromise of 1820-Missouri Compromise Compromise of 1850-Fugitive Slave Act Kansas-Nebraska Act-1854 “Bleeding Kansas” Dred Scott Decision-1857

Abolitionism Frederick Douglass- North Star William Lloyd Garrison- The Liberator Underground Railroad- Harriet Tubman “The Moses of her people” Harriet Beecher Stowe- Uncle Tom’s Cabin John Brown- “Bleeding Kansas” 1856, Harper’s Ferry 1859

Election of 1860 Abraham Lincoln(Republican Candidate) wins with less than 50% of the vote, platform only aims to stop the expansion of slavery. Stephen Douglas(Northern Democrat) and John Breckinridge(Southern Democrat) split the Democratic vote, spelling defeat. John Bell(Constitutional Union) wants to simply follow the Constitution.

Secession Southern states feel Lincoln and the Republicans will destroy their way of life and take away slaves. South Carolina is the first state to secede on December 20, 1860, followed by Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, Texas, Virginia, Arkansas, North Carolina, and Tennessee. One and only president Jefferson Davis. Fort Sumter fired upon April 12, 1861.

Northern Plan “Anaconda Plan” Blockade all southern ports Take control of the Mississippi River Capture southern capitol of Richmond, Virginia.

Southern Plan Defend own soil. Control all territory in the south, including land to the west. Gain the support of European nations that rely on southern cotton. Force the north to recognize the Confederate States of America as an independent country.

North Advantages Disadvantages Industrial Production, higher numbers of weapons, ammunition, supplies. Higher numbers of soldiers to enlist or, if necessary, conscript. Bad military leadership-Winfield Scott, George McClellan, Ambrose Burnside

South Advantages Disadvantages Technically didn’t need to “win” the war. Fighting for their way of life, their own soil. Cotton and agricultural production at high rates. Excellent military leadership in General Robert E. Lee. Low industrial capability-guns, ammunition, supplies. Low numbers of men to serve in the military and to replace fallen soldiers. Forced to fight on own soil and defend all territory.

Important Battles First Bull Run, July 21,1861- Both sides realize it will be a long and bloody war with the South’s victory Antietam-September 17, 1862- Lee’s first invasion of the North and northern victory gives Lincoln the opportunity to issue the Emancipation Proclamation. Single bloodiest day in American history. Gettysburg, July 1-3, 1863-Lee’s second and final invasion of the North. Union victory is the turning point in the war and the high-water mark for the Confederacy.

End of the War Appomattox Court House- On April 9, 1865, General Lee surrenders his army to General Grant and the Union after a long, bitter, and losing war for 4 years Lincoln’s Assassination- April 14, 1865, one year after securing re-election with the capture of Atlanta, Georgia, Lincoln is shot and killed by John Wilkes Booth in Ford’s Theatre.

“O Captain! My Captain!” Written by Walt Whitman in 1865. Famous poem is mainly concerned with the end of the Civil War and mourns President Lincoln’s Death.

Conclusions Top 5 Reasons the North Won: Top 5 Reasons the South Lost: 1? 2? 3? 4? 5? 1? 2? 3? 4? 5?

Image Sources http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Second_national_flag_of_the_Confederate_States_of_America.svg http://www.americancivilwarstory.com/images/the-union-civil-war133star.jpg http://danvillevthistorical.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/anaconda.jpg http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ea/The_Assassination_of_President_Lincoln_-_Currier_and_Ives_2.png