The Road to Revolution Do Now What do you think is going to be the biggest reason the colonies will revolt against England and why? Aim: Why did the colonists start the American Revolution against England?

Impact of Enlightenment Spread of Republicanism Voltaire- civil liberties, freedom of religion Montesquieu- 3 branches- executive, legislature, judicial Locke- natural rights of man Smith- capitalism, free trade, market economy Hobbes- social contract, submit to sovereign authority. “Leviathan” Rosseau-social contract, liberal republicanism Aim: Why did the colonists start the American Revolution against England?

England’s Policies towards the Colonies Original policy Salutory Neglect As long as colonies provided raw materials and engaged in trade, they were generally left alone Some taxes, but not much! Post 1763 Mercantilism Forced trade imbalance where England’s exports to the colonies are much more than the import value of products from the colonies. Aim: Why did the colonists start the American Revolution against England?

Early English Acts Navigation Acts 1650-1673 Molasses Act 1733 Series of laws designed to force the colonies to trade only with England Molasses Act 1733 Hard to enforce, led to smuggling, England eased up until 1763!! Aim: Why did the colonists start the American Revolution against England?

Homework Make a full page chart showing the positives and negatives in the mercantile relationship between the mother country and the colony. There are actually + and – for each. Obviously more + for mother and – for colony but think of as many as you can. Aim: Why did the colonists start the American Revolution against England?

Mother Country (England) Colony (U.S.) $$ Positive trade balance Raw Materials ^ land ^ tax base/ ^population ^ worldwide respect ^ paying/skilled jobs Protection Automatic trading partner Some rights/ freedoms Jobs technology P o S I T V E s N E G A T I V s Spreads out military Possible revolts Cost of defending territory Tension with other countries Depleted resources Less freedoms/rights Low paying jobs Forced to buy English products Aim: Why did the colonists start the American Revolution against England?

Effects of French and Indian War England Almost total control of N. America 1763- turning point of English policy!!!! Who was at fault for the war??? Who pays for it??? England in severe debt!!! 60% of their national budget was to pay off the war loan interest!!! Switch from Salutory Neglect to mercantilism Aim: Why did the colonists start the American Revolution against England?

Proclamation of 1763 Prevented colonists from moving west of Appalachian Mts. Why we pissed?? Why England did it? Avoid conflict between colonists and natives “buffer” War costs $$$ Aim: Why did the colonists start the American Revolution against England?

Taxing time!!! Sugar Act 1764 Stamp Act 1765 Townshend Acts 1767 Taxed French molasses and sugar products Actually reduced the English molasses tax in 1/2!!!! Stamp Act 1765 All printed items Townshend Acts 1767 Series of acts taxing imports (glass/lead/tea/etc.) Tea Act 1773 Tax on American tea, but not British!! Do we have a right to complain about these taxes????? Reality check!!!! Colonists paid 1/20th the amount of taxes as the average English citizen!!! Tea tax $1 year extra if you drank a gallon of tea every day!! Sugar and tea are indirect taxes!!!! Basically all the taxes were repealed within a year!! Aim: Why did the colonists start the American Revolution against England?

Reactions!!!! Stamp Act Congress 1765 Boycotts Riots Hanging in Effigy James Otis “no taxation without representation” 14 grievances to England (Declaration of Rights and Grievances) Unified??? Stamp act repealed a year later, but England made Declaratory Act 1766 England has the right to make laws on its colonists!!! Boycotts Riots Hanging in Effigy Tar and Feathering Boston Tea Party 1773 Aim: Why did the colonists start the American Revolution against England?

Sons of Liberty Formed after Stamp Act Samuel Adams John Hancock 1st to want complete independence The brains and the muscle of the group Basically the founder of the Revolution, it was his full time job! Committee of Correspondence John Hancock The $$$/frontman Liberty Tree/Pole Aim: Why did the colonists start the American Revolution against England?