1. Music genre classification 1.1. According to the function of music 1.2. According to the target audience 1.3. According to the content and the way of presenting it. 2. Art music 2.1. Middle Ages 2.2. Renaissance 2.3. Baroque 2.4. Classicism 2.5. Romanticism 2.6. 20th and 21st centuries Index of the book

4. Music for theatre and film 3. Popular music 3.1. Traditional music Spain’s traditional music repertoire 3.2. Urban popular music 4. Music for theatre and film 4.1. Music for theatre 4.2. Music for film Índice del libro

Religious or sacred music Music genre classification The music genre marks the content and the function of music. The music genre classification is usually established in three big groups of opposing terms. 1.1. According to the function of music: Religious or sacred music Music about religious matters or related to any religion. Secular music Music about any other topic regarding human beings and their concerns or emotions, nature, etc.

Art music Popular music Music genre classification 1.2. According to the target audience Art music It is what we usually understand as «classical» music, when we mean the work of the greatest composers in the history of music. Popular music It is a type of music targeted for a wider audience and generally more widespread and accepted. Traditional or folkloric music Pop or easy listening music

Abstract or absolute music Music genre classification 1.3. According to the content and the way of presenting it. Descriptive music Program music Dramatic music Abstract or absolute music It is a kind of instrumental music that generally describes an event or phenomenon. For instance, a storm, a battle, birds singing, etc. Instrumental music based on the description of a program or plot, usually literary. It is all music that sings or expresses a text and, therefore, all vocal music. Instrumental music that does not refer to anything outside the piece itself. It does not try to suggest or describe anything beyond the pure language of music and its logic.

Art music 2.1. Middle Ages It is a period that lasted from the 5th until the 15th centuries. The control of the Church meant that the main musical manifestation of the Middle Ages was the Gregorian chant. Gregorian melody

Art music 2.2. Renaissance Renaissance : It is a period that lasted from the 15th until the 16th centuries. Religious vocal music employed polyphonic forms like the motet. Secular vocal music started gaining importance with a repertoire plenty of polyphonic songs.

Art music 2.3. Baroque In the Baroque (1600-1750) music looks for contrasts: changes in the dynamics, the rhythm, the timbre, and also uses ornamentation in the melodies. The great vocal music forms were born: the opera, the oratorio and the orchestra. The great composers of history emerged: Antonio Vivaldi (1687-1741), J. S. Bach (1685-1750) and G. F. Haendel (1685-1759).

Vocal music kept on with the development of the opera. Art music 2.4. Classicism In the Classicism (2nd half of the 18th century) simple and elegant music was sought. Vocal music kept on with the development of the opera. Instrumental music found its perfect model with the compositional scheme of the sonata.

Program music appeared. Art music 2.5. Romanticism The Romanticism (19th) was guided by the spirit of the French revolution (which praised mankind’s freedom and the expression of its ideas and emotions). Program music appeared.

Art music 2.6. 20th and 21st Centuries Contemporary music (20th and 21st centuries) experiments with new languages like: Impressionism Expressionism Dodecaphonism Serialism Electronic music Aleatoric music

Popular music

Music accepted and assumed by everyone Popular music 3.1. Traditional music CHARACTERISTICS Social function It was employed to accompany all kinds of activities, from working the land to games or celebrations. Music accepted and assumed by everyone Because it can only survive if it is generally accepted by the community. Anonymous creations The general acceptance of this music makes it lose the concept of author. Orally transmitted This music is learnt and transmitted orally generation after generation.

Popular music 3.1. Traditional music Spain’s traditional music repertoire Some musical manifestations are widespread throughout all the regions. On the other hand, other manifestations are limited to particular regions or areas. Among the examples of the widespread repertoire, the romance and the jota are the ones that stand out. Spain’s traditional music instruments

Popular music 3.2. Urban popular music Blues Jazz Rock and roll Soul Today’s popular music history begins in the late 19th century in the south of the U.S. with the union of black music and white music. MAIN STYLES: Blues B.B. King Jazz Louis Armstrong Rock and roll Elvis Presley Soul Aretha Franklin Folk Bob Dylan Pop The Beatles Rock Rolling Stones Heavy metal AC/DC

Popular music 3.2. Urban popular music Funk Tecno Disco Punk New wave Michael Jackson Disco Boney M Punk Sex Pistols Tecno Depeche Mode New wave U2 Grunge Pearl Jam Electronic music Kraftwerk Hip Hop Eminem

Music for theatre and film Throughout history, music has been used together with theatre to support the development of action, making room for music genres like opera, incidental music and the musical.

Music for theatre and film 4.2. Music for film Since the first years of silent film, there were small orchestras of pianists that accompanied films by performing mixed bags of popular melodies or classical music arrangements selected according to different atmospheres or emotions. The soundtrack is one of the key elements of a film.

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