Knowledge Organiser: Year 10 Health & Social Physical development Early adulthood Peak of physical fitness Have reach full height Women are at their most fertile Middle adulthood Gradual decline in strength and energy. Might gain weight Hair starts to grey and thin Wrinkles appear Menopause begins Later adulthood Slower reaction times Reduction in senses; Hearing, sight, taste Loss of muscle, Weakening bones Higher risk of disease and illness Intellectual Development Creative thinking/ abstract thought- involves imagination and ability to think about things that have not been observed Language development- being able to think through and express ideas Problem solving- using brain to use logic to think through problems, using new ideas and coming up with solutions Memory recall- storing and connecting information that we already know and recalling information to use at a later date. Emotional development Adolescence and adulthood Self image is heightened during adolescence because of physical changes. People can have a positive or negative self -image. Self –esteem, how we value ourselves. People can have a positive or negative self-esteem Self-esteem can be affected by; Unrealistic expectations Health status Wealth/ poverty Employment status Events that have happened in earlier life Social development Informal relationships Friendship Formal relationships Intimate relationships

Knowledge Organiser: Year 11 Health & Social Care Vitamin Deficiency occurs when your body doesn't have enough of the vitamin that it needs. Some deficiencies can be cured simply by eating foods that contains the vitamin that you need. Other deficiencies lead to diseases and conditions that are more difficult to treat. Malnutrition This can be malnutrition due to the intake of too many nutrients or too few: Over-nutrition eating too much, Causes coronary heart disease, which can cause heart attacks or heart failure, also obesity, type 2 diabetes, stoke and weight gain. Under-nutrition eating too little of the right nutrients, causes nutrient deficiency diseases. Mineral Defeciency Calcium Sources Milk, cheese, eggs, bones of canned fish Effects of shortage Poor teeth development, rickets in children and osteomalacia in adults. Iron Sources Red meat, offal, fish, dark leafy green vegetables, pulses, cereal, nuts, dried herbs and spices. causes anaemia, particularly in infants 6-12 months. Teenage girls who are menstruating and older people. Sodium Sources Found in many additives, snacks and preservatives, naturally found in eggs, meat and vegetables Shortage causes muscle cramps. The effects of an unbalanced diet Nutrient excess Too much fat in the diet (e.g. fried food) can lead to obesity and heart failure Too much simple carbohydrate in the form of sugar (e.g., fizzy drinks) can cause tooth decay, obesity and can lead to mood swings. Too much vitamin A can be toxic as the liver cannot process it. Too much sodium causes high blood pressure, which can lead to a stroke