1. M ICRONUTRIENTS V ITAMINS M INERALS

2. Last Lesson Revision Carbohydrate What is the role of carbohydrate? What are 3 good sources of carbohydrate? What is the glycaemic index? What is the role of fibre? Protein What is the role of protein? What are 3 good sources of protein? Fats What is the role of fat? What are 3 sources of fats? What are the 4 categories of fats? (Which are good and bad sources)

3. V ITAMINS There are 2 types of Vitamins 1. Fat Soluble Vitamins - Absorbed and dissolved in the body by fats 2. Water Soluble Vitamins - Dissolved in the body by water

4. VITAMINS FAT Soluble Vitamins WATER Soluble Vitamins VITAMIN A VITAMIN D VITAMIN E VITAMIN K VITAMIN Bs VITAMIN C Including folate

5. V ITAMIN D - F AT SOLUBLE VITAMIN Function: Helps calcium and phosphorus be absorbed into the body from the intestines Formation of hard tissue eg bones and teeth Deficiency Osteoporosis – a common musculoskeletal condition caused by a lack of vitamin D leads to weakened bones Rickets in children Becoming more common Sources: 10% from diet UV rays are fish is a egg yolks Converted togood sourcecontain Vitamin D small amounts

6. Sources Some brands of milk, breakfast cereals and orange juice are fortified with vitamin D

7. Minerals CalciumPhosphorus Sodium

8. C ALCIUM Function Strengthening, ossifying agent for hard tissue such as teeth and bones Involved in muscle contractions, the secretion of hormones, enzymes and the functioning of the nervous system Calcium needs high for young children, teenagers, menstruating women and the elderly If individuals do not get enough calcium they are unlikely to reach peak bone mass. It is important for maintaining good bone health throughout life Sources Diary foods Sardines Green leafy veges Fortified soy milk and breakfast cereals.

9. C ALCIUM AND THE NHPA S Osteoporosis Hardens bones and assists in the prevention of osteoporosis.

10. P HOSPHORUS Works with calcium to harden bones and teeth Calcium and phosphorus bind to form calcium phosphate which ossify hard tissue Phosphorus is also a component of DNA It assist in the contraction of muscles and functioning of kidneys Sources Foods rich in protein Meat, fish, eggs, nuts, legumes

11. P HOSPHORUS AND THE NHPA S Osteoporosis Works with calcium to harden bones and assists in the prevention of osteoporosis.

12. SODIUM Role in regulation of body fluids Regulates balance of fluids in cells Electrolyte – important for brain function and muscle contraction. Most Australians get 8 – 9 times the sodium they require. This draws fluid out of the cells which increases blood volume and contributes to hypertension Sources Most from processed foods Biscuits, chips Take away foods eg pizza, hot chips Processed meats Table salt

13. S ODIUM Excess sodium leads to hypertension ( high blood pressure) Other effects include Heart failure Kidney problems, kidney stones Stroke and heart attack Osteoporosis Sodium deficiency due to loss of body fluids Cramps, dizziness dehydration

14. S ODIUM AND THE NHPA Cardiovascular health Excess sodium accumulates in the blood. As it retains water this increases blood volume and blood pressure. Which can contribute to hypertension. Hypertension is a risk factor for CV disease Osteoporosis Excess sodium can interfer with calcium absorption leading to weaker bones and osteoporosis

15. T HE IMPORTANCE OF NUTRITION AS A RISK AND PROTECTIVE FACTOR FOR THE NHPA S The key to healthy food intake is balance The nutrients play an important role in maintaining health Incorrect quantities can have a negative effect on health

16. C ARDIO VASCULAR H EALTH Nutrient Examples in food Function as a protective factor affect on Health. Nutrient Examples in food Function as a risk factor affect on Health.

17. C OLORECTAL C ANCER Nutrient Examples in food Function as a protective factor affect on Health. Nutrient Examples in food Function as a risk factor affect on Health.

18. D IABETES M ELLITUS Nutrient Examples in food Function as a protective factor affect on Health. Nutrient Examples in food Function as a risk factor affect on Health.

19. O STEOPOROSIS Nutrient Examples in food Function as a protective factor affect on Health. Nutrient Examples in food Function as a risk factor affect on Health.

20. O BESITY Nutrient Examples in food Function as a protective factor affect on Health. Nutrient Examples in food Function as a risk factor affect on Health.