European Explorers September 15, 2014.

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Presentation transcript:

European Explorers September 15, 2014

I. Vikings A. Sailed to Iceland and Greenland in the 800s and 900s B. Leif Erickson 1. Creates settlement in Vinland (Newfoundland) around 1000 CE

II. Portugal A. Prince Henry the Navigator 1. Started school of navigation a. taught how to sail, map-making, etc. b. trained many captains to explore in search of a new trade route to Asia

II. Portugal (continued) B. Bartolomeu Dias 1. sailed to the Cape of Good Hope (southern tip of Africa).

II. Portugal (continued) C. Vasco da Gama Sailed from Portugal to India

III. Spain A. Christopher Columbus 1. Italian sailor 2. Sailed for King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of Spain 3. Sailed on the Nina, Pinta, and the Santa Maria. 4. Landed in Caribbean a. Thought he was in India b. Called the inhabitants Indians

III. Spain (continued) B. Ferdinand Magellan 1. Portuguese, but sailed for Spain 2. Attempted to sail around the World 3. Named the Pacific Ocean “peaceful” 4. Ran out of food; ate rats, leather, and sawdust 5. Magellan killed in Philippines 6. Only 18 out of 200 sailors made it back to Spain a. First people to circumnavigate the World

III. Spain (continued) C. Vasco Nunez de Balboa 1. Governor of Panama 2. Crossed land to reach the Pacific Ocean 3. 1st European to do so

III. Spain (continued) D. Amerigo Vespucci 1. mapped South America’s coast 2. Realized the Americas were not Asia, and uncharted continents

IV. France A. Giovanni da Verrazano 1. Explored and mapped the North American coast (Canada to Carolinas)

IV. France (continued) B. Jacques Cartier 1. Looked for NW Passage a. Sailed up St. Lawrence River b. Traveled all the way to Montreal c. Claimed land for France.

V. English A. Henry Hudson 1. Looking for NW Passage a. Discovers Hudson River and Hudson Bay b. Crew rebelled 1. Put Hudson, his son, and crew loyal to Hudson on rowboat in Hudson Bay 2. Hudson never heard from again